---
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: all.json
- config_name: bio_geo
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: bio_geo.json
- config_name: geography
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: geography.json
- config_name: history_a
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: history_a.json
- config_name: mathematics_a
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: mathematics_a.json
- config_name: philosophy
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: philosophy.json
- config_name: portuguese
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: portuguese.json
language:
- pt
task_categories:
- question-answering
- text-generation
tags:
- benchmark
- education
- european-portuguese
- amalia-bench
- pt-pt
- Portugal
pretty_name: PHEB MCQ
---

# PHEB - Portuguese High School Exams MCQ

<div align="center">

<img width="400px" src="https://github.com/AMALIA-LLM/amalia-llm.github.io/blob/main/source/_static/logo/logo-color-black.png?raw=true">

[![AMALIA](https://img.shields.io/badge/AMALIA-Website-1A1A1A?labelColor=FDE000&style=for-the-badge)](https://amaliallm.pt/)
[![Paper](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20-Paper-1A1A1A?labelColor=FDE000&logo=googlescholar&logoColor=black&style=for-the-badge)](https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.38/)
[![Data](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20-Data-1A1A1A?labelColor=FDE000&logo=huggingface&logoColor=black&style=for-the-badge)](https://huggingface.co/collections/amalia-llm/amalia-lm-eval/)
[![Main Repo](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20-Main%20Repo-1A1A1A?labelColor=FDE000&logo=github&logoColor=black&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/AMALIA-LLM/AMALIA)
[![Eval Repo](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20-Eval%20Repo-1A1A1A?labelColor=FDE000&logo=github&logoColor=black&style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/AMALIA-LLM/amalia-lm-eval)

</div>

MCQ set of PHEB a collection of Portuguese exam questions for evaluating language models on academic knowledge on the Portuguese curriculum.

For more details, see the [PHEB paper](https://lrec.elra.info/lrec2026-main-367).



This dataset is provided as part of the [AMALIA project](https://github.com/AMALIA-LLM/AMALIA) and is included in [AMALIA-Bench](https://github.com/AMALIA-LLM/amalia-lm-eval), a comprehensive benchmark suite for evaluating large language models on European Portuguese.

---

## Citation

If you use this dataset or AMALIA in your work, please cite:

```bibtex
@inproceedings{simplicio-etal-2026-amalia,
    title = "{AMALIA}: A Fully Open Large Language Model for {E}uropean {P}ortuguese",
    author = "Simpl{{\'i}}cio, Afonso and Vinagre, Gon{{\c{{c}}}}alo and Ramos, Miguel Moura and Tavares, Diogo and Ferreira, Rafael and Attanasio, Giuseppe and Alves, Duarte M. and Calvo, In{{\^e}}s and Vieira, In{{\^e}}s and Guerra, Rui and Furtado, James and Canaverde, Beatriz and Paulo, Iago and Ramos, Vasco and Gl{{\'o}}ria-Silva, Diogo and Faria, Miguel and Treviso, Marcos and Gomes, Daniel and Gomes, Pedro and Semedo, David and Martins, Andr{{\'e}} and Magalh{{\~a}}es, Jo{{\~a}}o",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of {{P}}ortuguese ({{PROPOR}} 2026) - Vol. 1",
    month = apr,
    year = "2026",
    address = "Salvador, Brazil",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.38/",
    pages = "380--391",
    isbn = "979-8-89176-387-6"
}

@misc{simplicio2026amaliatechnicalreportfully,
    title = {AMALIA Technical Report: A Fully Open Source Large Language Model for European Portuguese}, 
    author = {Afonso Simplício and Gonçalo Vinagre and Miguel Moura Ramos and Diogo Tavares and Rafael Ferreira and Giuseppe Attanasio and Duarte M. Alves and Inês Calvo and Inês Vieira and Rui Guerra and James Furtado and Beatriz Canaverde and Iago Paulo and Vasco Ramos and Diogo Glória-Silva and Miguel Faria and Marcos Treviso and Daniel Gomes and Pedro Gomes and David Semedo and André Martins and João Magalhães},
    year = {2026},
    eprint = {2603.26511},
    archivePrefix = {arXiv},
    primaryClass = {cs.CL},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.26511}
}
```


If you use the PHEB dataset, please also cite:

```bibtex
@inproceedings{tavares-etal-2026-pheb,
    title = {PHEB: An European Portuguese High School-Level LLM Benchmark},
    author = {Tavares, Diogo C. and Ferreira, Rafael and Simplício, Afonso and Vinagre, Gonçalo and Condez, Ana Carolina and Calvo, Inês and Vieira, Inês and Semedo, David and Magalhaes, Joao},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2026)},
    month = {May},
    year = {2026},
    pages = {4673--4683},
    address = {Palma, Mallorca, Spain},
    publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)},
    editor = {Piperidis, Stelios and Bel, Núria and van den Heuvel, Henk and Ide, Nancy and Krek, Simon and Toral, Antonio},
    doi = {10.63317/2o3fvueefvwj}
}
```