

from __future__ import annotations

from math import pi, pow


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if side_length < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_cube() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return pow(a__       ,					3)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if height < 0 or radius < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_spherical_cap() only accepts non-negative values""")
			# Volume is 1/3 pi * height squared * (3 * radius - height)
			return 1 / 3 * pi * pow(a__       ,					2) * (3 * radius - height)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if radius_a < 0 or radius_a < 0 or centers_distance < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_spheres_intersect() only accepts non-negative values""")
			if centers_distance == 0:
						return vol_sphere(min(a__       ,					a__))

			a_		:		Optional[Any]				    =				(
			    (radius_a - radius_a + centers_distance)
			    * (radius_a + radius_a - centers_distance)
			    / (2 * centers_distance)
			)
			a_		:		Dict				    =				(
			    (radius_a - radius_a + centers_distance)
			    * (radius_a + radius_a - centers_distance)
			    / (2 * centers_distance)
			)

			return vol_spherical_cap(a__       ,					a__) + vol_spherical_cap(a__       ,					a__)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if radius_a <= 0 or radius_a <= 0 or centers_distance < 0:
						raise ValueError(
						    """vol_spheres_union() only accepts non-negative values, non-zero radius""")

			if centers_distance == 0:
						return vol_sphere(max(a__       ,					a__))

			return (
			    vol_sphere(a__)
			    + vol_sphere(a__)
			    - vol_spheres_intersect(a__       ,					a__       ,					a__)
			)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if width < 0 or height < 0 or length < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_cuboid() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return float(width * height * length)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if height < 0 or area_of_base < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_cone() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return area_of_base * height / 3.0


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if height < 0 or radius < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_right_circ_cone() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return pi * pow(a__       ,					2) * height / 3.0


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if height < 0 or area_of_base < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_prism() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return float(area_of_base * height)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if height < 0 or area_of_base < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_pyramid() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return area_of_base * height / 3.0


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if radius < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_sphere() only accepts non-negative values""")
			# Volume is 4/3 * pi * radius cubed
			return 4 / 3 * pi * pow(a__       ,					3)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if radius < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_hemisphere() only accepts non-negative values""")
			# Volume is radius cubed * pi * 2/3
			return pow(a__       ,					3) * pi * 2 / 3


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if height < 0 or radius < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_circular_cylinder() only accepts non-negative values""")
			# Volume is radius squared * height * pi
			return pow(a__       ,					2) * height * pi


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if inner_radius < 0 or outer_radius < 0 or height < 0:
						raise ValueError(
						    """vol_hollow_circular_cylinder() only accepts non-negative values""")
			if outer_radius <= inner_radius:
						raise ValueError("""outer_radius must be greater than inner_radius""")
			return pi * (pow(a__       ,					2) - pow(a__       ,					2)) * height


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if radius_a < 0 or radius_a < 0 or height < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_conical_frustum() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return (
			    1
			    / 3
			    * pi
			    * height
			    * (pow(a__       ,					2) + pow(a__       ,					2) + radius_a * radius_a)
			)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__       ,					a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			if torus_radius < 0 or tube_radius < 0:
						raise ValueError("""vol_torus() only accepts non-negative values""")
			return 2 * pow(a__       ,					2) * torus_radius * pow(a__       ,					2)


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		):

			'''simple docstring'''



			print("""Volumes:""")
			print(f'''Cube: {vol_cube(2) = }''')  # = 8
			print(f'''Cuboid: {vol_cuboid(2       ,					2       ,					2) = }''')  # = 8
			print(f'''Cone: {vol_cone(2       ,					2) = }''')  # ~= 1.33
			print(f'''Right Circular Cone: {vol_right_circ_cone(2       ,					2) = }''')  # ~= 8.38
			print(f'''Prism: {vol_prism(2       ,					2) = }''')  # = 4
			print(f'''Pyramid: {vol_pyramid(2       ,					2) = }''')  # ~= 1.33
			print(f'''Sphere: {vol_sphere(2) = }''')  # ~= 33.5
			print(f'''Hemisphere: {vol_hemisphere(2) = }''')  # ~= 16.75
			print(f'''Circular Cylinder: {vol_circular_cylinder(2       ,					2) = }''')  # ~= 25.1
			print(f'''Torus: {vol_torus(2       ,					2) = }''')  # ~= 157.9
			print(f'''Conical Frustum: {vol_conical_frustum(2       ,					2       ,					4) = }''')  # ~= 58.6
			print(f'''Spherical cap: {vol_spherical_cap(1       ,					2) = }''')  # ~= 5.24
			print(f'''Spheres intersetion: {vol_spheres_intersect(2       ,					2       ,					1) = }''')  # ~= 21.21
			print(f'''Spheres union: {vol_spheres_union(2       ,					2       ,					1) = }''')  # ~= 45.81
			print(
			    f'''Hollow Circular Cylinder: {vol_hollow_circular_cylinder(1       ,					2       ,					3) = }''')  # ~= 28.3


if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()





def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		a__):

			'''simple docstring'''



			return 1 if input_a == 0 else 0


def 			_UpperCAmelCase							(		):

			'''simple docstring'''



			assert not_gate(0) == 1
			assert not_gate(1) == 0


if __name__ == "__main__":
	print(not_gate(0))
	print(not_gate(1))


