

from math import cos, sin







def 		_lowercase			(					lowercase__						):
      __lowerCAmelCase :						Tuple = float(lowercase__						)
      return [[scaling_factor * int(x == y						) for x in range(2						)] for y in range(2						)]







def 		_lowercase			(					lowercase__						):
      __lowerCAmelCase,							__lowerCAmelCase :						List[Any] = cos(lowercase__						), sin(lowercase__						)
      return [[c, -s], [s, c]]







def 		_lowercase			(					lowercase__						):
      __lowerCAmelCase,							__lowerCAmelCase :						Optional[Any] = cos(lowercase__						), sin(lowercase__						)
      __lowerCAmelCase :						Union[str, Any] = c * s
      return [[c * c, cs], [cs, s * s]]







def 		_lowercase			(					lowercase__						):
      __lowerCAmelCase,							__lowerCAmelCase :						Optional[Any] = cos(lowercase__						), sin(lowercase__						)
      __lowerCAmelCase :						List[Any] = c * s
      return [[2 * c - 1, 2 * cs], [2 * cs, 2 * s - 1]]


print(F"    {scaling(5) = }")
print(F"  {rotation(45) = }")
print(F"{projection(45) = }")







print(F"{reflection(45) = }")





def 		_lowercase			(					lowercase__						):
      return "".join(chr(ord(lowercase__						) + 3_2						) if '''A''' <= char <= '''Z''' else char for char in word						)


if __name__ == "__main__":
 from doctest import testmod

 testmod()


