from __future__ import annotations

import sys





class 			__snake_case  :




					def __init__(       self   ,	__UpperCamelCase   ,	__UpperCamelCase		)					->  Tuple:



									'''simple docstring'''







									snake_case__ :     str 							=				letter
									snake_case__ :     int 							=				freq
									snake_case__ :     dict[str, str] 							=				{}




					def __repr__(       self		)					->  str:



									'''simple docstring'''







									return F"""{self.letter}:{self.freq}"""





class 			__snake_case  :




					def __init__(       self   ,	__UpperCamelCase   ,	__UpperCamelCase   ,	__UpperCamelCase		)					->  str:



									'''simple docstring'''







									snake_case__ :     int 							=				freq
									snake_case__ :     Letter | TreeNode 							=				left
									snake_case__ :     Letter | TreeNode 							=				right




def 			UpperCamelCase__						(    A__   )       -> list[Letter]:
				snake_case__ :     dict[str, int] 							=				{}
				with open(A__   ) as f:
								while True:
												snake_case__ :     Optional[int] 							=				f.read(1   )
												if not c:
																break
												snake_case__ :     Optional[Any] 							=				chars[c] + 1 if c in chars else 1
				return sorted((Letter(A__      ,			A__   ) for c, f in chars.items())      ,			key=lambda A__   : x.freq   )
def 			UpperCamelCase__						(    A__   )       -> Letter | TreeNode:
				snake_case__ :     list[Letter | TreeNode] 							=				letters  # type: ignore
				while len(A__   ) > 1:
								snake_case__ :     Tuple 							=				response.pop(0   )
								snake_case__ :     str 							=				response.pop(0   )
								snake_case__ :     Union[str, Any] 							=				left.freq + right.freq
								snake_case__ :     str 							=				TreeNode(A__      ,			A__      ,			A__   )
								response.append(A__   )
								response.sort(key=lambda A__   : x.freq   )
				return response[0]
def 			UpperCamelCase__						(    A__      ,			A__   )       -> list[Letter]:
				if isinstance(A__      ,			A__   ):
								snake_case__ :     Optional[Any] 							=				bitstring
								return [root]
				snake_case__ :     TreeNode 							=				root  # type: ignore
				snake_case__ :     str 							=				[]
				letters += traverse_tree(treenode.left      ,			bitstring + '0'   )
				letters += traverse_tree(treenode.right      ,			bitstring + '1'   )
				return letters
def 			UpperCamelCase__						(    A__   )       -> None:
				snake_case__ :     Union[str, Any] 							=				parse_file(A__   )
				snake_case__ :     Union[str, Any] 							=				build_tree(A__   )
				snake_case__ :     str 							=				{
				    k: v for letter in traverse_tree(A__      ,			''   ) for k, v in letter.bitstring.items()
				}
				print(F"""Huffman Coding  of {file_path}: """   )
				with open(A__   ) as f:
								while True:
												snake_case__ :     Optional[int] 							=				f.read(1   )
												if not c:
																break
												print(letters[c]      ,			end=' '   )
				print()


if __name__ == "__main__":
				# pass the file path to the huffman function
				huffman(sys.argv[1])



def 			UpperCamelCase__						(    A__   )       -> int:
				if number != int(A__   ):
								raise ValueError('factorial() only accepts integral values'   )
				if number < 0:
								raise ValueError('factorial() not defined for negative values'   )
				snake_case__ :     Optional[Any] 							=				1
				for i in range(1      ,			number + 1   ):
								value *= i
				return value
def 			UpperCamelCase__						(    A__   )       -> int:
				if not isinstance(A__      ,			A__   ):
								raise ValueError('factorial() only accepts integral values'   )
				if n < 0:
								raise ValueError('factorial() not defined for negative values'   )
				return 1 if n == 0 or n == 1 else n * factorial(n - 1   )


if __name__ == "__main__":
				import doctest

				doctest.testmod()

				lowerCAmelCase__					:       Any		=       int(input('''Enter a positive integer: ''').strip() or 0)
				print(F'''factorial{n} is {factorial(n)}''')


