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comparison with instinctive behaviour
In the early 1930s the distinction between learned and inherited behaviour seemed clearer than it does now. The view that any bit of behaviour either was learned or simply developed without learning seemed straightforward. Studies based on these expectations led investigators to conclude that rat-killing behaviour among cats is learned rather than instinctive, that human fears are all acquired,...
human biological processes
American biologist who helped pioneer the discovery and study of biorhythms and who showed that humans’ biological processes can be strongly influenced by learned behaviour.
A second debate among theorists concerns the degree to which motivational processes are innate (genetically programmed) versus acquired (learned). Since the 1890s this debate has swung from one extreme to the other and then back toward the middle. Early approaches viewed motivation as largely or entirely instinctive. When the instinctive approach fell into disfavour during the 1920s, the idea...
study of animal behaviour
One of the clearest indications of the falseness of the old dichotomy between innate and learned behaviour is the fact that in most cases animals are genetically predisposed to acquire only specific information in developing their behaviour. One might say that most of the learning performed by animals is instinctive learning. This phenomenon is conspicuous in the flower-learning behaviour of...
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