>> Thursday, January 6, 2011
Photo courtesy of G. F. W. Haenlein, University of Delaware.
Small Intestine: As partially digested feed enters the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine, the enzymes produced and secreted by the pancreas and the Brunner's glands of the duodenum further break down feed nutrients into simple compounds. These compounds are absorbed into the bloodstream or lymph by an active process carried on largely in the jejunum and ileum (second and third part of the small intestine, respectively). The small intestinal wall is lined with many small fingerlike projections called villi, which increase the absorption area of the small intestine. The capacity of the small intestine of goats is approximately 2-1/2 gallons.
Cecum: This simple tubular structure, also known as the blind gut, is located at the junction of the small and large intestines. Feed materials entering this compartment are digested by inhabiting microorganisms. The capacity of the cecum of goats is approximately 1/4 gallon.
Large Intestine: Undigested feed and unabsorbed nutrients leaving the small intestine pass into this compartment. The functions of the large intestine include water absorption and further digestion of feed materials by microorganisms. The large intestine is comprised of the colon and rectum. Fecal pellets are formed in the end portion of the spiral colon. The capacity of the large intestine of goats ranges from 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 gallons.
Accessory Glands: The salivary glands, liver, and pancreas contribute to digestion. Saliva secreted by the salivary glands is important in the chewing of the cud. Bile produced by the liver, and stored and secreted by the gall bladder, helps emulsify fat in preparation for digestion. Enzymes secreted by the pancreas are important in the small intestinal digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.