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These charge defects are potential sites of electron storage with a variety of trap-depth energies.
A subpopulation of stored electrons with trap depths of ~1.3–3 me V is a subsequent source for time-diagnostic luminescence emissions.
There is significant variability in the luminescence properties of quartz and potassium feldspar grains related to crystalline structure, minor and rare-earth impurities, solid-solution relations, number of luminescence cycles (Fig. Thus, because of this inherent variability in dose sensitivity of quartz and feldspar, analytical procedures for dating often need to be tailored for a specific geologic provenance.
The advent of single aliquot regenerative (SAR) dose procedures for quartz (Murray and Wintle ) has provided the needed analytical flexibility to compensate for variable luminescence properties of quartz and feldspar grains and laboratory-induced sensitivity changes, particularly associated with preheat treatments and with laboratory beta irradiation (Fig.
Often this luminescence “cycle” occurs repeatedly in many depositional environments with signal acquisition of mineral grains by exposure to ionizing radiation during the burial period and signal resetting (“zeroing”) with light exposure concurrent to sediment erosion and transportation.
Often mineral grains that are fresh from bedrock sources have significantly lower luminescence emissions per radiation dose in comparison to grains that have cycled repeatedly.
Alpha particles are about 90–95 % less effective in inducing luminescence compared to beta and gamma radiation.The accumulation of trapped electrons, and the gaps left behind in the spaces they vacated, occurs at a measurable rate proportional to the radiation received from a specimen’s immediate environment.When a specimen is reheated, the trapped energy is released in the form of light (thermoluminescence) as the electrons escape.Thus, the population of stored electrons in lattice-charge defects increases with prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation, and the resolved luminescence emission increases with time.Exposure of mineral grains to light or heat (at least 300 °C) reduces the luminescence to a low and definable residual level.
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In addition, the inherent residual level is influenced by the susceptibility of the luminescence signal of a specific mineral to solar resetting.