Biology 1010, Survey of life
Biology 1010, Survey of life BIOL 1010
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This 2 page Class Notes was uploaded by Chanah Fallin on Saturday January 23, 2016. The Class Notes belongs to BIOL 1010 at a university taught by Kearley in Spring 2016. Since its upload, it has received 235 views.
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Date Created: 01/23/16
Biology 1010, lecture 1. *homeostasis: Stable internal operating conditions within the body (ex. temperature, blood etc.) I. Integument: protective outer covering of the body A. Functions 1. Protect from Abrasions, bacterial attack, ultraviolet radiation & dehydration (ﬁrst line of defense) 2. Helps control internal temperature 3. sensory receptors detect environmental stimuli B. Structure of Skin 1. Epiderpmis a) Composed of several layers of cells (1) living cells reproduce/divide and when they die, they're pushed to the surface b) Stratum Basale: innermost layer, cells that undergo mitosis. *contains melanocytes which darken skin and protect against UV rays c) Stratum Corneum: outermost layer, made of dead skin cells (keratin) *protects cells inside 2. Dermis a) mostly connective tissue: collogen/elastin b) houses blood vessels, lymph vessels, oil/sweat glands and sensory nerves c) sweat clands, oil, hair and arrestor pili muscles (1) sweat glands: produce ﬂuid in response to stress (2) oil glands lubricate and soften the skin and secretions that reduce bacterial population 3. Hair: root embedded in the dermis 4. Arrector Pili: smooth muscles that are attached and erect hairs when you're scared or cold. (goose bumps) *hypertrichosis: excessive hair all over C. Skin Caner 1. Most Common *1/2 of cancers found a) basal cell carcinoma b) squamous cell carcinoma c) Malignant Melanoma (most dangerous) 2. Melanoma: 3/4 of deaths form skin cancer **5 year survival rates localized: 98% (site of origin) regional: 62% (surrounding tissue) distant: 15% (gone to the ret of the body) -wrinkles: collagen breaking down (sun or age) II. Muscoskeletal system A. Humans have an endoskeleton composed of bone and cartilage *resists compression, makes up nose, joins bones, and cushions them B. Cartilage 1. Hyaline: tracheal rings, end of nose, end of sternum, and articulating joints 2. elastic cartilage: exterior ear 3. ﬁbrocart: interverbal disks (nerves) **cartilage takes longer to heal because there is less blood ﬂow C. Bone 1. Functions a) interact w muscles to move body b) support and protect c) depository d) blood reproduction 2. Structure a) compact bone: found on the outside of bone b) osteocyte (bone cells) : found in compact bone, housed inside lacunae c) haversion system: found in compact bone, composed of concentric circles called lamellae d) at center is aversion canal which contains blood vessels and nerves e) canaliculi: tiny channels connecting the aversion canals to the osteocyte f) spongy bone found in epiphysis and contains marrow producing red blood cells
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