As we approach the beginning of summer, it is important to ensure that your worksite has strategies in place to address dehydration risks and ensure positive health and safety outcomes for your employees.
Studies have shown that at just 1 per cent dehydration, productivity suffers by 12 per cent. The effects of dehydration, which include decreased energy, cognitive function and reaction times, also increase the likelihood of accidents in the workplace.
It is therefore crucial that worksite managers and WHS duty holders recognise dehydration hazards and implement risk management strategies.
We’ve put together these tips to help your employees stay safe and hydrated this summer.
A study of miners working in the tropical climate of northern Australia indicated that 58% of workers were dehydrated at the commencement of their shift. Blue collar employees who begin work in a dehydrated state are likely to experience the adverse effects of further dehydration throughout their shift as they lose fluids through sweat.
Workers should be encouraged to drink water before they get to work. Some worksites have also implemented hydration testing, preventing dehydrated workers from endangering themselves and others.
- Don’t wait until you’re thirsty
Thirst is not a reliable measure of dehydration, usually occurring at around 2 per cent dehydration when health and safety outcomes have already been compromised. Workers in high heat environments should aim to drink at least 250ml every 15-20 minutes. WHS duty holders should encourage workers to carry water bottles or hydration backpacks to maximise accessibility.
- Monitor hydration levels
Monitoring urine colour is a simple but reliable method for workers to evaluate their hydration status. Generally, the lighter the colour the higher the level of hydration, although factors such as diet, medications and vitamin supplements can have an effect. Using this Hydration Chart, workers can take responsibility for their own hydration.
- Electrolyte drinks
Electrolyte drinks quickly replenish key electrolytes lost through sweat and high temperatures such as potassium, sodium and chlorides. Choose a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink (low GI) for sustained energy release, or a sugar free electrolyte drink for carb-free replenishment.
- Take adequate breaks
In high heat environments it is important that workers take regular breaks to allow their core temperature to cool down. Meal breaks are important for the maintenance of energy levels and workers should be encouraged to incorporate foods with high water content, such as lettuce, tomatoes and cucumber, into their work lunches.
- Smart planning
Where possible, the most physically demanding tasks should be scheduled for the coolest times of the day and breaks should be scheduled around peak temperature times to help minimise the risks of heat and sun exposure. Managers should also consider providing sheltered break areas or fans and misters to cool the area.
- Remember to Slip Slop Slap
As well as dehydration risks, outdoor workers in Australia are exposed to dangerous levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and are at greater risk of developing skin cancer. The Cancer Council estimates that the exposure to UVR at work causes 200 melanomas and 34,000 non-melanoma skin cancers in Australia every year.
To help manage these risks workers should cover as much skin as possible with clothing, hats, hard hat brims, and sunglasses and frequently apply sunscreen. WHS duty holders should provide long lasting, water resistant, SPF50+ sunscreen on site and encourage staff to reapply every few hours.