Presentation on theme: "Jurassic Park is a theme park which is populated with ________ dinosaurs. The popularity of this film proves how interested people are in the subject----"— Presentation transcript:
Jurassic Park is a theme park which is populated with ________ dinosaurs. The popularity of this film proves how interested people are in the subject---- _________. cloned cloning
How much do you know about cloning?
1.Which one is the first cloned animal? A. tadpole B. sheep C. cat D. dog
2. Which one is the first cloned mammal? A. B. sheep C. monkey D. pig wolf
3. When was Dolly the sheep born? A.1994 B.1995 C.1996 D.1997
Dolly the sheep Dolly is a m_____ ______clone. She is an exact c____ of the sheep that provided her genetic( 遗传的 ) information. an- made opy
4. Which of the following is not man-made clone? A. B. C. D.
They are human twins, who are identical( 同样的 ) in sex and appearance and are good examples of ________clones. natural
5. Can you give us a simple definition of cloning? Cloning is a way of making an exact ______ of another animal or plant. The clone has the _____ DNA to the “parent”. copy same
Reading Cloning: Where is it leading us?
Task 1: Read the passage in a few minutes and then decide whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Cloning is something that has been developed quite recently. 2. Cloning happens in both plants and animals. 3. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. 4. The lamb is the clone of the sheep C. 5. The successful cloning of Dolly the sheep encouraged the scientists. 6. Dolly the sheep lived longer than the original sheep. 7. People feared that cloned Hitler would do harm to the world. 8. All the research into human beings will be forbidden.
1.Cloning is something that has been developed quite recently. 2. Cloning happens in both plants and animals. 3. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. F T F
4. The lamb is the clone of the sheep C. 5. The successful cloning of Dolly the sheep encouraged the scientists. 6. Dolly the sheep lived longer than the original sheep 7. People feared that cloned Hitler would do harm to the world. 8. All the research into human beings will be forbidden. F T F T F
Task 2: Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
The main idea of each paragraph. 1. What is cloning. 2. Cloning has two major uses. 3. The problems of Dolly. 4. The attitudes/reaction to cloning.
Task 3: Find out the answers to the questions in it in groups of four.
◆ What are the encouraging news and disturbing ones about Dolly the sheep? ◆ How is Dolly the sheep is produced?
◆ Give us two examples of natural cloning ? ◆ What do you think is the writer’s opinion in the passage? Why do you think so?
◆ Why is cloning controversial? ◆ What are the advantages of cloning?
◆ What are the major two uses of cloning? ◆ What are the problems or dangers of cloning?
◆ What are the encouraging news and disturbing ones about Dolly the sheep? ◆ How is Dolly the sheep is produced? ◆ Give us two examples of natural cloning ? ◆ What do you think is the writer’s opinion in the passage? Why do you think so? ◆ Why is cloning controversial? ◆ What are the advantages of cloning? ◆ What are the major two uses? ◆ What are the problems or dangers of cloning?
◆ What are the encouraging news and disturbing ones about Dolly the sheep? The encouraging news is that Dolly the sheep seemed to developed normally and the disturbing news is that Dolly the sheep had illnesses that were more appropriate to a much older animal.
◆ How is Dolly the sheep produced? an egg cell remove the nucleus a somatic cell take out the nucleus join them using electricity divide and grow into an embryo put the embryo into sheep C Dolly the sheep was born.
◆ Give us two examples of natural cloning. 1) Gardeners taking cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. 2)Twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the original egg.
What do you think is the writer’s opinion in this passage? Why do you think so? I think the writer is ____________________ because ______________________________ ___________________________________ __. impartial/neutral he /she does not state any personal opinion about cloning
◆ Why is cloning controversial? Because cloning will lead to moral problems.
Medical cloning could produce cures for serious illnesses in humans. ◆ What are the advantages of cloning? Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale. Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species.
◆ What are the major two uses of cloning? First, gardeners using cloning to produce commercial quantities of plants. Second, it is valuable for research on new plants species and for medical research on animals.
◆ What are the problems or dangers of cloning? Animal clones may develop the illnesses of older animals. Animal clones may die younger than the donor animals. Evil leaders may want to clone themselves. Cloning human beings will lead to moral problems.
Discussion: What is your opinion of cloning? Give some reasons.
What’s your opinion of cloning? Give reasons. I approve of cloning, because… I give my approval to cloning, because… I declare for cloning, because… I declare against cloning, because… I am opposed to cloning, because… I disapprove of cloning, because… I express my disapproval of cloning, because…
Now, if you are given a chance to clone anything that you like, what would you like to clone? Why?
_________(clone) is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. Gardeners use it all the time to produce __________(commerce) quantities of plants, ______ scientists think it valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals _______ the procedure is difficult ____________ (undertake). However, the ______________(determine) and patience of scientists ____________(reward) in 1996 with a breakthrough--- the cloning of Dolly the sheep. The fact ______ Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life cast down the cloning scientists, who will wonder _________ cloning will help or harm mankind when the moral questions _________(raise). Cloning commercial and thoughto undertake was rewarded that whether/if are raised determination
Think about how they _______ (be different). differ (vi.): be different; disagree with 常见的搭配有： sb differ from/ with sb on/ about sth 在 …… 问题上与某人意见不同 A and B differ in … A 与 B 在 …… 方面不同 A differs from B A 与 B 不同 Warming up differ
她的方法跟我的没有很大不同。 Her method doesn ’ t ______ much ______ mine. 现代飞机跟早期的在很多方面有所不同。 Modern airplanes _______________ early ones. 对于如何解决问题, 我跟他的意见不一致。 I ___________ him _______ how to solve the problem. 关于道德标准, 他们的见解不同。 They ____________________________ moral standards. differfrom differ from differ with on differ with each other on
用介词填空。 (1) We differ _________ him _________ that question. (2) The two nations differ ______ culture and religion. (3) The climate here differ ___________ that of the South. difference (n.) 差异, 差别, 分歧, 争论, 差额 tell the difference between A and B 区分 A 与 B make a/no/some difference (to sb/sth) 对（某人、物）有 / 没有 / 有些作用或影响 different (adj.) 不同的 be different from from/withon/about in from
be here to stay: be permanent and generally accepted ( 文语 )( 流行等 ) 扎根, 普及, 留存下去, 被普遍接受 ▲ High gas prices could be here to stay. ▲ Is bird flu here to stay? ▲ I hope that equality of opportunity for men and women is here to stay. Cloning has always been with us and __________________( 持续下去 ). is here to stay
It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant. 克隆是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方 法。 exact adj. 精确的, 准确的, 原样的, 精密的 Nobody present could give the exact figures of increase in production. 在场的人没有人能说出生产增长的准确数字来。 _______________ of the event has escaped me. 我记不起这起事件的确切日期了。 The exact date It happened ________ as expected. 果如所料 exactly
The train arrived at exactly 8 o'clock. 火车八点整到达。 It also happens in animals when twins _________ (the same) in sex and appearance are … identical (adj.): 一模一样的, 同一的 These two designs ___________________( 几 乎一样的 ). identical are almost identical My opinion is identical with/to his. the same as
Gardeners use it(=cloning) all the time to produce _______________________________( 大量的商 用植物 ). ▲ commercial: adj. 商业的 n. ( 广播, 电视的 ) 广告 n. ( 广播, 电视的 ) 广告 a commercial artist a commercial television / Commercial Radio HK a commercial college The TV show was interrupted by too many commercials. 那档电视节目插进的商业广告太多了, 不断被打断。 迎合大众的艺术家 商业电视台 / 香港商业电台 商学院 commercial quantities of plants
Cloning plants is ______________(easy, simple) while cloning animals is more complicated. complicated straightforward adj. 简单的, 易懂的，坦诚的, 坦率的 honest and straightforward straightforward and outspoken simple and straightforward writing At least he was quite straightforward about it, you can’t say he was trying to deceive you. 他起码在那件事上是相当坦率的，你不能说他试 图欺骗你。 憨直 心直口快 文笔简朴 straightforward
It is a difficult task to undertake. undertake (v.) --- to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing sth 承担，从事，负责 (undertook, undertaken) He undertook the difficult task willingly. 他欣然承担那项困难的工作。 undertake a new experiment 着手新的实验 1) The lawyer ___________________. 那个律师接了一个新的案子。 那个律师接了一个新的案子。 3) He ________________________. ( 承担一项新任务 ) ( 承担一项新任务 ) undertook a new case undertook a new task
We undertake that we will do what we can to contribute to the renewal of our world. 我们承诺我们将尽我们所能去更新我们的世界。 (=promise) (=promise) The determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough----the cloning of Dolly the sheep. pay off : to be successful and bring good results 成功，奏效，达到目的 约翰在考试前努力学习, 这没有白费 ( 得到回报 ), 他得了个 A 。 John studied hard before the examination, and, __________. He made an A. John studied hard before the examination, and, __________. He made an A. it paid off
pay sth off : 付清，偿清 我付清了银行贷款了。 I paid off my loan from the bank. How much did you __________ the book? （付款） It’s time he ______ me ______ the $100 he owes me. （偿还） Perhaps I shall ________________ England this winter. （访问） You should ________________ your health. （注意） pay for paidback pay a visit to pay attention to
breakthrough(n.) : an important development that may lead to an agreement or achievement 重大进展，突破 a significant breakthrough in negotiations 谈判中的重大突破 取得突破性进展 __________ a breakthrough achieve Scientists think they are beginning to ____________ in the fight against cancer. 科学家们认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有突破。 break through
The procedure works like this. ▲ procedure: n.( 法律上的 ) 手续 ;( 办事的 ) 程 序, 方法 follow the regular procedure break the normal procedure 按一般手续办理 打破常规 办一所新校的正常手续是什么？ What is _________________ for setting up a new school? the usual procedure
Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 表示方位、时间、或方式的副词或介词短语 then, now, here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall 等，置于句首 时，句子倒装。 The children rushed out. Out ______ ______ _________. The teacher came in. In ________________________. rushed the children came the teacher
disturb vt. 打扰；干扰，防碍；使不安，使焦虑 disturbed adj. 心神不安的；心烦意乱的；坎坷的； disturbing adj. 令人不安的 / 烦扰的；引起恐慌的 用 disturb, disturbing, disturbed 填空。 (1) People all over the country are deeply__________by the news that so many people die in the terrible earthquake in Ya’an. (2) Don’t _________ the papers on my desk. (3) This country is in a ____________ state. (4) What ____________ news it is! (5) If you get up early, try not to _________ everyone else. (6) The killer had a _________ family background. disturb disturbed disturbing disturb disturbed
Cloning scientists ________________ (feel discouraged) to find that Dolly’s illness were more appropriate to a much older animal. be cast down = feel discouraged He was much cast down by the failure of the experiment. Don ’ t be so cast down. Just keep up your spirits. were cast down 他因实验失败，情绪很低落。
(1) 听到这个消息他很沮丧。 ___________________________________ (2) 发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。 _____________________________________ He was cast down to hear the news. Finding out the truth made him cast down.
2) be appropriate to: be suitable for a particular person, condition, occasion or place; fitting 适合于 … 的，与 … 相称的 用与你的题目相称的体裁写。 Write in a style _________________ your subject. 普通鞋不适于下稻田。 Ordinary shoes _______________________ paddy fields. appropriate to are not appropriate to
Altogether Dolly lived for six years, … altogether adv. ①全部，总共 Altogether the centre lost more than 1,000 trees in the hurricane. How much will it be altogether? ②总而言之 Altogether, our achievements are great. ③完全地 (completely) He’s not altogether sure what to do.
all together 与 altogether ①作 “ 总共 ” 解时，它们可以互换使用。 There were altogether/ all together 40 students in the class. ② all together 作 “ 一道, 一起 ” 解时, 不能用 altogether 替换。 They came all together. ③ altogether 意为 “ 完全地，彻底地，总计， 总而言之 ” ，不可与 all together 互换，用于否 定句时是部分否定。 I don’t altogether agree with you.
On the other hand, Dolly’s appearance _____________ _____________( 引起一阵强烈的反 对 )and ____________ ___________( 产生巨大影响 ) the media and public imagination. raise: =bring about 引起 ◎ Religious leaders raise moral questions. 宗教领袖提出了道德问题。 ◎ Dolly’s death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries. (Page 14) 多莉之死，正如她的出生，注定要给人们带来担忧。 ◎ His long absence raised fears about his safety. 由于他久未露面，令人担心他是否平安无事。 ◎有人要提问题吗？ Does anyone have any questions to raise? raised a storm of objections had a great impact on
a storm of: sudden violent outburst or display of strong feeling 常指感情猛烈爆发或 强烈表现 a storm of tears 泪如雨下 a storm of applause /criticism 暴风雨般的掌声 / 暴风雨般 / 评击 storm in a teacup 小题大作，茶杯里的暴风雨
objection n. 反对，异议, 缺陷, 妨碍, 拒绝之理 由 I feel a strong objection to ________(get) up early. Have you any objection to my _______ (open) the window? Some people strongly object to _________________(develop) private cars. 我反对这个计划。 I _________ ________ ________ _________. 我拒绝被那样子对待。 I object to _______ ________ like that. getting opening developing object to the plan being treated
have /make a strong/ great impact on… 对 … 有 / 产生巨大影响 这本书对其读者产生了极大的影响。 This book made a great impact on its readers. 这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响. The anti-smoking campaign has a great impact on young people. impact (n.) [C,usually sing./U] --- the powerful effect that sth has on sb/sth 巨大影响，强大作用
It suddenly opened everybody’s eyes to the possibility of… open one’s eyes 使开眼界，使认识批评能使我们认清自己所犯的错误。 Criticisms can ___________________________. open our eyes to our mistakes
Many governments forbade research into human cloning. forbid: vt. 禁止, 不准, 不许 (-bade 或 -bad ； -bidden ； -bidding) (-bade 或 -bad ； -bidden ； -bidding) ◇ forbid + (doing) sth e.g. The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16. ◇ forbid sb ’ s doing … ； forbid sb to do … e.g. My father forbade/forbad me to watch TV. (=My father forbade/forbad my watching TV.) ◇ forbid sb sth e.g. His parents forbid him wine. 他的父母不准 他喝酒。
(1) The school _________________________ ( 禁止学生吸烟 ). (2) He _______________________ ( 被禁止进 入这个房间 ). forbids the students to smoke is forbidden to enter the room forbidden (adj.): not allowed 博物馆内严禁摄影。 Photography _____________________ in the museum. is strictly forbidden
Some countries such as China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. 1) accumulate vt. /vi. : to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time 积聚 / 累, 强调 “ 经过一段比较长的时间由少积多的积累 ” ， The company has accumulated great wealth within a few years.
The purpose of education is not just ________________________. 教育的目的不仅仅是积累知识。 Dust accumulated （ vi. ） on the desk.Dust accumulated （ vi. ） on the desk. 桌上积满了灰尘。 桌上积满了灰尘。 即时练习：完成下列句子 (1) He quickly ___________ _____ _________ ( 积 蓄了一大笔财富 ). (2) Clouds began to __________ ___ ___ ___ ( 在 天空中聚集 ). accumulated a large fortune accumulate in the sky to accumulate knowledge
accumulation (n.) the accumulation of wealth 财富的积累