Answer: Kodila Etters, PA A.It sound as though you have a variety of problems. First of all, the spots on the leaves may be caused by a fungus, probably alternaria. To combat fungal diseases, practice good sanitation: promptly remove and destroy any diseased plant material, keep weeds down, and rotate crops. Keep plants well-spaced to promote good air circulation. Next, be sure to choose disease-resistant varieties. Look for the letters V, F, and A after the variety name. Keep a close eye on water availability. Those sunken black spots may be blossom end rot--this happens when a rainy spell is followed by a dry time. The stressed roots cannot take up enough water, so try to keep water consistantly available. A calcium deficiency can exacerbate the problem; consider adding calcium in the form of lime if you have not done so and a soil test indicates a calcium deficiency. A consistent supply of water may also help reduce the cracking problem you are having. Try mulching with a 4" to 6" layer of hay or straw to keep soil moisture constant. (The black insects you see are probably feeding on the flesh exposed by the cracks.).
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