The Great Fire of London. What happened? 2. Lesson at a Glance. Suitable For: KS Time Period: Early Modern Curriculum Link: Events beyond. Great Fire of London. Preparation materials for videoconference (KS1). 2. Teacher's notes. 3. Document 1: ZMAP 4/ 4. An Exact Surveigh of the Streets Lanes. The Great Fire of London is one of the most well-known disasters in London's The Museum of London has many objects relating to the Great Fire that help us.
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this pdf have been hyper- linked so that you can navi- The th anniversary of The Great Fire of London falls in September Between Sunday 2. The baker forgot to put out the fire he used to bake bread. Some fire wood was set alight and the fire began. Page 6. The buildings in London at the time. History. The Great Fire of London broke out on 2nd September. It burned for three nights and four days and destroyed most of London! The fire started in a.
Some of the activities of especially concerned, even as it spread along the narrow these guilds had elements that would eventually find streets around the bakery.
Diarist Samuel Pepys was their way into the early insurance contracts after the fire woken up at his house in Seething Lane that night but as Professor David Bland explains in a chapter he has thought the fire was nothing to worry about and went contributed to a new book on the Great Fire compiled by back to bed.
Two days later, he was busy evacuating his the Worshipful Company of Firefighters. There were some ambitious plans for parmezan cheese. In addition, 87 churches, progress through the City bureaucracy.
Prison were all reduced to ashes. Loss of estimates that the cost of repairing the Barbon had a degree in medicine but life was remarkably low, with fewer than 10 damage of a similar fire today would be at switched to building in the wake of the Great deaths directly attributed to the fire. The City scheme for Houses, on the Backside of the Royal were helped by a huge was withdrawn.
But other rivals appeared. Premiums were set at 6d or 2.
Its foundation deed allowed it to insure quality of the buildings Contributorship in , which became known as the Hand-in-Hand after its up to 10, properties. These perhaps because they saw the potential for revenue. But they were no match for imposed new standards survived until the late 19th century when the municipalisation of the fire services him.
He argued that the lower premium, started in the wake of the Tooley Street fire which seemed a major attraction of the see box, below. This lobbying led to the creation of Street and the cathedral of St Mary Overie tea and coffee were quickly ablaze.
Great Fire of London
Despite the the Metropolitan Fire Brigade in The winds carried arrival of a fleet of fire engines from the London the burning cinders over the river and onto Fire Engine Establishment, the flames spread The Blitz - and the thatched roofs along London Bridge. The quickly as a combination of factors thwarted The Second World War led to the destruction bridge itself was built of stone following a fire their attempts to control it.
The warehouses had of many buildings and streets in central that destroyed the old wooden bridge in internal iron fire doors but most of these had been London, especially as incendiary bombs but King John had approved the construction left open. Besides, with the Thames at low tide, ignited extensive fires.
The two most notable of wooden shops and houses along the full the firefighters were unable to get an adequate were on 29 December and the nights of length of the bridge. Amid the chaos on the bridge, hundreds By late evening, the fire stretched from The December bombing raids set the area of people died.
The blaze had reached the Temple area and Cripplegate by Wednesday, but then it began to abate as the wind dropped and fire-fighting teams began to have some effect. The fire finally stopped its progress at Pye Corner.
After the flames and the smoke gradually died away on Thursday, the city slowly began to return to normal.
Many writers commented on the help given to Londoners by those living in neighbouring settlements. Accounts describe how they provided shelter wherever possible and lent out transport carts, wagons and coaches that could be used for saving possessions. Fire fighting in seventeenth-century London can be described as primitive at best. Hand pumps and squirts were used to put out small flames, or residents formed chains to pass buckets of water obtained from the nearest river or pond.
The Great Fire of London
Hooked poles, axes and chains were used for pulling down burning thatch or on occasions demolishing whole houses. A supply of these was kept in each city ward.
The only other method used to stop a major fire was to create a gap too big for the flames to cross by blowing up buildings with a charge of gunpowder. The Tower of London was one of many buildings saved in this way. With the fire breaking out during the night, few people were alert enough to deal with it quickly. By the time the Lord Mayor, Thomas Bludworth, began to organise teams of fire-fighters the following day, the blaze already had a firm grip. Later, despite being given orders by Pepys from the King, Bludworth was reluctant to blow up houses and this only made the situation worse.
The whole fire-fighting operation was plagued by the fact that no one appeared to be willing to take sole responsibility. Attempts to combat the flames were further hampered by the fact that the blazing banks of the River Thames cut off fire-fighters from the citys only plentiful supply of water.
Prominent in the fire-fighting operation was both the King and his brother James, the Duke of York. They stood ankle deep in water on the front line, encouraging teams of soldiers, sailors and parish constables to tackle the flames and smoke as best they could.
When the final cost of the fire damage was surveyed, London reeled in horror. Over half the total area within the city walls, some 15 hectares, had been totally destroyed. Outside the city wall, 25 hectares had also been severely damaged. Over 13, houses on some streets had gone up in flames. Over 80 churches and most of the larger public buildings in the city had disappeared. The estimated cost of damage to property and goods was put at 10 million a staggering amount of money for those times.
At its peak, the fire is said to have produced flames up to metres high and the glow could be seen for miles around.
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Mercifully, because most inhabitants fled rather than staying to fight the fire, only eight people died. Although some of the worst areas of London remained intact, the Great Fire did help to purify some places of the last remains of the Plague and it did provide the opportunity for large stretches of the capital city to be rebuilt.
A number of grandiose plans were put forward for the rebuilding, including those by Evelyn and the architect Sir Christopher Wren, but none was fully adopted. The building programme started slowly. Despite an influx of skilled building workers, only premises had been completed by This had risen to about 9, by although many of them remained empty. A special Fire Court set up to handle disputes about property rights and boundaries did not conclude its business until Some progress was hampered by the fact that many people were resistant to change and wanted to return to houses similar to those they had occupied before the fire.
New rules governed the building of houses, streets became wider, squares were created, pavements provided and new drains installed. Brick, stone and tile became the predominant building materials in the place of wood and thatch. Wren, an Oxford professor from the age of 29 with an interest in mathematics and astronomy, established a reputation for his detailed drawings and precise models. He had survived the Plague by fleeing to Paris and after the Great Fire devoted much of his life to designing Londons public buildings including the Royal Hospital, Chelsea and palaces at Kensington and Hampton Court.
He became the Kings Surveyor of Works in He was responsible for the rebuilding of St Pauls Cathedral and over 50 parish churches. St Pauls, the biggest cathedral in Europe apart from St Peters in Rome, took 35 years to complete and remains Wrens greatest monument.
He was knighted for his efforts in Sources o normaton Although a number of contemporary paintings, sketches and engravings of the Great Fire of London exist, most tend to focus on general scenes of the fire engulfing houses, churches and other public buildings and the chaos that ensued. Others show the exodus down the River Thames or the homeless camping in fields outside the city.
Most were not genuine eyewitness accounts but were painted sometime afterwards and relied on engravings of what London had looked like before the fire took hold. The most reliable and detailed accounts of the damage caused by the fire and the human misery it inflicted come in the writings of diarists like Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn and politicians like the Earl of Clarendon.
Pepys was an important government official who was promoted because of his organisational ability.PDF links To view and print out files in. The Great Fire of London.
Fire fighting in seventeenth-century London can be described as primitive at best. Brick, stone and tile became the predominant building materials in the place of wood and thatch. The most important of these items appeared to be his supply of wine and Parmesan cheese.
London was a busy city in It was very crowded. Pages pages.
As winter approached the situation began to improve, although it was only towards Christmas that life began to get back to normal. Quicklinks Click on the links to visit the recommended websites.
The Great Fire is commemorated by The Monument , a column erected in the s near the source of the blaze.
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