Hazard Risk Category Chart based on NFPA 70E
All information and standards are based on the National Fire Protection Association known as NFPA.
The CAT is used to determine the necessary arc rating of a garment worn during a given job task. Wearing multiple layers of clothing may be required to obtain the necessary rating required for your job. Only your employer can tell you the required level of protection required for your job.
The NFPA has identified four FR hazardous risk category levels, which are numbered by severity from 1 to 4. Hazard Risk Category is the level of arc flash protection clothing you must wear to protect against a minimum level of incident energy measured in calories per centimeter sqared. Meaning, electrical equipment, depending upon the energy delivering capability, under fault conditions can cause an explosion, or arc fault of a certain level, again measured in calories per centimeter squared. That explosion can deliver a certain amount of heat to a certain distance. Each level, 0-4, is rated at a certain amount of flame resistance, again measured in cal/cm2.
NFPA 70E - Basic Terms & Definitions
Arc Flash: An explosive release of energy caused by an electrical arc. An arc flash results from either a phase to ground or a phase to phase fault caused by such occurrences as accidental contact with electrical systems, build up of conductive dust, corrosion, dropped tools, and improper work procedures. During an arc flash, the temperature can reach 35,000° Fahrenheit, and exposure to an arc flash can result in serious burn injury and death. Every year, more than 2,000 people are admitted to burn centers with severe arc-flash burns.
Arc Rating: A value of the energy necessary to pass through any given fabric to cause with 50% probability a second or third degree burn. This value is measured in calories/cm². The necessary Arc Rating for an article of clothing is determined by a Hazard/Risk Assessment and the resulting CAT. Usually measured in terms of ATPV or EBT.
Calorie: The energy required to raise one gram of water one degree Celsius at one atmosphere pressure. Second-degree burns occur at 1.2 calories per centimeter squared per second (cal/cm²).
Flash Hazard: A dangerous condition caused by the release of energy from an electric arc.
Flash Hazard Analysis: A study investigating the potential exposure to arc-flash energy that a worker faces while performing a specific job task. The data collected in a Flash Hazard Analysis is used for the purpose of injury prevention and the determination of safe work practices and the appropriated levels of FR clothing and PPE.
Flash Protection Boundary: The distance from an exposed live part within which a person could receive a second-degree burn if an electrical arc were to occur.
FR (Flame Resistant): FR refers to the ability of a material to self-extinguish upon the removal of an ignition source.
CAT (Hazard/Risk Category): The five Hazard/Risk categories are specified by the chart listed in NFPA 70E. The chart, based on specific job tasks, ranges from CAT 1 (which is low risk and allows for 100% treated cotton), up to CAT 4 (which is high risk and requires FR clothing with a minimum arc rating of 40). The CAT is used to determine the necessary arc rating of a garment worn during a given job task.
NFPA® 70E: A work standard published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) that covers aspects of electrical safety in the workplace. It includes the recommendation that those who work with, on or around energized equipment use adequate protection, including FR clothing.