9-12. Students will apply algebraic, geometric, and statistical concepts and the relationships among them to solve problems, model relations, and make decisions using data and situations within and outside of mathematics. In accomplishing this goal, students will develop and enhance a repertoire of skills and strategies for solving a variety of problem types.
9-12.1 Solve practical problems involving rational numbers (including numbers in scientific notation), percents, ratios, and proportions.
9-12.2 Collect and analyze data, determine the equation of the curve of best fit, make predictions, and solve real-world problems using mathematical models. Mathematical models will include polynomial, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
9-12.7.c determine how changes in area and/or volume of an object affect one or more dimensions of the object; and
9-12.7.d solve real-world problems about similar geometric objects.
9-12.8 Compare distributions of two or more univariate data sets, analyzing center and spread (within group and between group variations), clusters and gaps, shapes, outliers, or other unusual features.
9-12.9 Design and conduct an experiment/survey. Key concepts include
9-12.9.a sample size;
9-12.9.b sampling technique;
9-12.9.c controlling sources of bias and experimental error;
9-12.10 Investigate and apply the properties of arithmetic and geometric sequences and series to solve real-world problems, including writing the first n terms, finding the nth term, and evaluating summation formulas. Notation will include ∑ and an.
9-12. Students will be able to recognize, use, and interpret various functions and their representations, including verbal descriptions, tables, equations, and graphs to make predictions and analyze relationships in solving complex, real-world mathematical problems.
9-12.12 Transfer between and analyze multiple representations of functions, including algebraic formulas, graphs, tables, and words. Select and use appropriate representations for analysis, interpretation, and prediction.
9-12.14 Recognize the general shape of function (absolute value, square root, cube root, rational, polynomial, exponential, and logarithmic) families and convert between graphic and symbolic forms of functions. Use a transformational approach to graphing. Use graphing calculators as a tool to investigate the shapes and behaviors of these functions.
9-12. Students will be able to perform and justify steps in mathematical procedures and calculations and graph and solve a range of equations types. Students will reason from a variety of representations such as graphs, tables, and charts and will use displays of univariate data to identify and interpret patterns. Students will be able to calculate probabilities and analyze distributions of data to make decisions.
9-12.18 Given rational, radical, or polynomial expressions,
9-12.18.a add, subtract, multiply, divide, and simplify rational algebraic expressions;
9-12.19 Graph linear equations and linear inequalities in two variables, including
9-12.19.a determining the slope of a line when given an equation of the line, the graph of the line, or two points on the line; describing slope as rate of change and determine if it is positive, negative, zero, or undefined; and
9-12.20 Given a point other than the origin on the terminal side of an angle, use the definitions of the six trigonometric functions to find the sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant of the angle in standard position. Relate trigonometric functions defined on the unit circle to trigonometric functions defined in right triangles.
9-12.22 Analyze graphical displays of univariate data, including dotplots, stemplots, and histograms, to identify and describe patterns and departures from patterns, using central tendency, spread, clusters, gaps, and outliers. Use appropriate technology to create graphical displays.
9-12.28 Find, without the aid of a calculator, the values of the trigonometric functions of the special angles and their related angles as found in the unit circle. This includes converting angle measures from radians to degrees and vice versa.
9-12. Students will recognize verification and proof as fundamental aspects of mathematical reasoning. Students will integrate and apply inductive and deductive reasoning skills to make, test, and evaluate mathematical statements. This applies equally through simple mathematical calculations, in geometric applications, and more abstract statistical and algebraic processes. Students will use logical reasoning to analyze an argument and to determine whether conclusions are valid.
9-12.32 Use the relationships between angles formed by two lines cut by a transversal to
9-12.32.a determine whether two lines are parallel;