This is where you find the answers to the most common questions about Funplanet!
1. Who is behind Funplanet?
2. Does it cost anything to play games or compete on Funplanet?
3. Who produces the games?
4. Who are the people working at Funplanet?
5. Do I have to become a member to get to play on Funplanet?
6. If so, how and what do I do?
7. What's the difference between Funplanet and Funclub?
8. How do I become a member of Funclub?
9. What do I have to do to win?
10. Who is that rat?
11. How often is Funplanet updated?
12. How often are new games & quizzes introduced?
13. Do you reckon that I could get a job at Funplanet?
14. Do I need to download anything in order to start playing games?
15. Does Funplanet require a fixed connection?
Funplanet is maintained, developed and operated by Funplanet AB. Funplanet's HQ is situated in Stockholm with offices around the world.
No! Funplanet is wholly commercially financed which allows visitors to enjoy games, quizzes and contests free of charge. It's more fun that way!
Bill is one lucky fellow as he is assisted by some very skilful and creative game producers right here at Funplanet who put a lot of hard work into creating fun games and quizzes - all for you.
4. Who are the people working on Funplanet?
Everyone who works at Funplanet loves to play and have fun. The office consists of a mixture of illustrators, writers, programmers, sales people, marketing people and designers.
Only if you want to. It's up to you. But to be honest, we think it's more fun if you are a member. That way, you don't miss out on chances to win prizes. As a member you will also get the latest news before everyone else. You will also have the opportunity to test new games. Also as a member of Funplanet you also have access to our Funclub, Funplanet's entertaining interactive community.
6. How do I become a member of Funplanet?
As with everything else on Funplanet, becoming a member is free of charge. A membership you'll never have to renew - you can stay a happy 12-year old games & quiz freak for the rest of your life. To become a member, simply fill in the form under the heading "Members". Why the home address? Simply because, should you be lucky enough to win, we need to be able to send you prizes But don't worry - we promise that no personal information goes into the wrong hands such as market researchers and advertising people. We don't sell information - everything stays within the four virtual walls of Funplanet. Do you want to know more about existing rules, click here.
Funclub is Funplanet's interactive element. As a member of Funclub you will get to meet and challenge other members at the various games, send FMS - Funplanet's own messages - build your own character, get to know new friends as well as test new games and functions before everybody else. As a member of Funplanet you get the opportunity to win prizes and to get access to Funplanet's variety of sponsored messages. A membership in	Funclub requires a membership of Funplanet. Which, of course, is free of charge.
First you have to register as a member of Funplanet, then move on to the next form thus creating your own personality on Funplanet. Next step: log in and have some fun in the Funclub.
The number one rule is you must be a member of Funplanet, so that you are able to register your scores. Each day sees a new winner among those who have been playing a game or participated in a quiz.
His name is Bill and he is Funplanet's mascot. And Bill is absolutely no rat but a clever, street-wise ferret whose main task is to keep us in line so new games and competitions are produced as well as other tests for your amusement. Bill is also the one to e-mail if you have any questions.
Every day. 365 days a year. We want Funplanet to be topical and hot off the press - therefore you will always find new things at Funplanet.
To create and produce a game takes time. The innovative part takes time, the technical part takes time not to mention the design. But we work as hard as we possibly can to produce new exciting games and other things for your entertainment.
Get in touch with us! We are always interested in qualified and skilful people within the interactive media field.
14. Do I need to download anything to be able to start playing games?
No particular program or plug-in is required. We produce our games in Java environment and the only thing you need to play is a browser supporting Java, i.e. Netscape and Explorer 4.0 or later versions. They are available on Tucows. If you use a Macintosh users you might encounter some problems when playing our games, since Macintosh and Java do not function that well together.
No, we built this service for your convenience. We want you to be comfortable in your own home having fun when playing games and participating in quizzes. It doesn't matter if you use a modem, the downloading time is quick regardless.
16. Don't you monitor your chat?
Of course we do, but unfortunately we don't have enough resources to monitor it 24 hours a day. That's the reason why sometimes outrageous people appear on the screen using bad language, therefore making the chat less fun for everyone else. We deeply regret this and would appreciate if you would let us know when this happens and also tell the bad guys know that they are not welcome.
Funplanet works with a third party that serves ads to this site. To find out more about how Engage Media manages the privacy of information in conjunction with serving ads on this site, please go to http://www.engage.com/privacy.


The title of this article is everything that it seems. A forced reference to a story that was classic decades, and possibly centuries ago. The story is about a vain emperor who cares about nothing more than possessing the best luxuries in life. In his quest, he hires two young tailors who promise to craft him the finest clothes in the world. They proclaim that the clothes are so fine that they cannot be seen by anyone who is “hopelessly stupid” or “unfit for their position”. The tailors show the garments to the emperor’s ministers, who both falsely claim that they can see the clothes in fear of losing their job or being viewed as inferior. The emperor does the same and the swindling tailors mime dressing him up and send him out on the city to parade his new ‘outfit’. His subjects cheer and play into the masquerade, for all their peers see the clothes, and surely they must not come across as stupid or unfit. The farse continues until one child, too young to care about consequence or losing face, proclaims that the emperor is indeed wearing nothing. Electric Sloth is going to step up and be the child in the story. If you love Daft Punk regardless of their musical content, please just stop reading this.
For Daft Punk‘s fourth studio album, the elusive pair promised an ambitious new album, swathed in brilliant production and featuring a cast of all star musicians from four different decades. As if speculation and excitement didn’t set the bar high enough, Columbia Records released a ‘Collaborators Series’ which essentially featured various different collaborators from the album praising the duo’s incredible vision, work ethic, production, and prowess as musicians. ‘Random Access Memories’ looked poised to be a dance music masterpiece, that would both bring the life and soul back into dance music and set the tone for the future of dance music.
The first single, ‘Get Lucky’, hinted at what was to actually come from the album. Despite a funky groove and a catchy chorus, ‘Get Lucky’ is nothing more than a good pop single. It stuck to the glossy, lifeless, pop production that is on nearly every member of the Billboard Top 40, with the exception of Nile Rodgers’ funky guitar and a brief yet brilliant stint of vocoder genius toward the end of the song. But for the most part, ‘Get Lucky’ left most Daft Punk fans disappointed and let down. Who would have thought that it would be the highlight of the album?
In their quest to bring life back to electronic music, they forgot what actually gives life to music. It’s not the instruments; it’s the human interaction and spontaneity that bring the life into music, of which there was next to none. Every song, every part, every synth, every vocoder, were all painstakingly crafted to create a polished album devoid of the fun and soul that makes disco worth listening to.
All of that would almost be excusable if ‘Random Access Memories’ had offered up a less derivative album. To call this album ambitious is not only a lie, but an irony in itself. Not one song stands out as something new or creative, and as a whole, the album plays like a very good parody of a 70s or 80s movie soundtrack. The album is the antithesis of innovation and progress, as every song sounds like a rehash of a musical idea that had been thoroughly explored decades ago. Their most obviously ‘ambitious’ track is ‘Giorgio by Moroder’, where a very solid dance epic is nearly ruined by a mumbled voiceover from Giorgio Moroder. Whatever concept Daft Punk was trying to achieve on that song fell flat and the voiceover only serves as a reminder to the poorly realized ambition that this album represents.
Even the melodies and songwriting sound uninspired and elementary. ‘Fragments of Time’ sounds like a poorly executed Steeley Dan imitation and Todd Edward‘s vocals manage to be both slightly out of tune and incredibly cheesy. ‘Touch’ sounds straight out of an Off Broadway musical and the vocals feel over the top and melodramatic so much to the point where the listener can’t help but chuckle. No doubt Paul Williams has written some great song, better that he be known for those than this parody of his heyday. Two instances of very poor melody writing are the solos on ‘The Game of Love’ and on ‘Instant Crush’. Forget outdated, I find many of the melodies throughout the album to be downright bad.
But there’s at least the outstanding production, right?
‘Random Access Memories’ is a perfect reminder of why bigger is not always better. Daft Punk trekked to the best recording studios, brought on the best studio musicians, and utilized the best analog equipment, yet the result is far from the masterpiece that it is supposed to be. The vocoders which Bangalter and Homem Cristo supposedly spent weeks perfecting sound very much like the default setting on Logic Studio’s EVOC vocoder throughout the album. The robotic leads sound flat and uninspired and their delivery is without punch, character or dynamic (the exception is the vocoder chorus of ‘Get Lucky’, which almost reminds the listener of the creative use of the vocoder on ‘Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger’). For the most part the production sounds bland and almost flat.
The production ‘Random Access Memories’ is not by any means awful, yet it lacks character and depth in an album that was supposed to bring the life back into music. As the great Bruce Swedien once said, “No one dances to the recording equipment.” The album’s content simply isn’t strong enough on its own to even be furthered by any production, no matter how good it might be. The real meaning of good production is not how much money and talent goes into it, but how the production helps an artist invoke emotion in the listener, and unfortunately the production on this album fails in that respect.
There is this strange notion that Daft Punk is nothing short of musical genius and visionary. It is as if they can do nothing wrong. Everything they create is a masterpiece. They are viewed as if by wearing robot helmets that they are immune to human error and shortcoming. If ‘Random Access Memories’ was composed by a different artist, and people were not privy to the grandiose production of the album, it would have been dismissed as nothing more than a decent throwback act. There is very little that sets it apart other than the name tied to it.
Unfortunately, much like in The Emperor’s New Clothes, the world refuses to treat Random Access Memories as anything less than an ambitious masterpiece. Afraid of being accused of ‘not getting it’, blogs and magazines alike praised the album universally. Pitchfork even had the gall to say of it that “there’s a creeping notion that every musical idea that’s ever been so much as thought up is on this album”. It is mindless praise such as this that is more often than not being used to describe Random Access Memories. Objectivity falls by the wayside when one’s reputation and sophistication is at stake, and even the most respected sources have fallen victim. They’re not wearing any clothes.


The European Commission has added seven countries, including Saudi Arabia, Panama and Nigeria, to a blacklist of nations this poses a threat because terrorist financing and lax money laundering are controlled.
The Commission stated that it had added jurisdictions with "strategic shortcomings in its framework to combat money laundering and the fight against terrorism".
This measure is part of a tough fight against money laundering, as several banks have hit European Union banks in recent months.
However, it has sparked criticism from several EU states that are concerned about their economic relations with the listed states, notably Saudi Arabia.
"We have established the world's strongest anti-money laundering standards, but we need to make sure that dirty money from other countries does not get into our financial system." Vera Jourova, EU Commissioner for Justice, said in a statement.
"Dirty money is the lifeblood of organized crime and terrorism," she added, urging the countries on the list to "quickly redress." Defects ".
The 28 EU countries now have one month, which can be extended to two months to confirm the list. You could reject it by qualified majority.
Jourova, who suggested the list, told a press conference in Strasbourg that she was confident that the states would not block her.
Listing does not trigger any sanctions, but obliges European banks to tighten controls on transactions with clients and institutions in these countries.
In a statement published by the Saudi Press Agency On Thursday, Riad said he regretted the Commission's decision to include the Kingdom in the list.
"Saudi Arabia's commitment to the fight against money laundering and terrorist financing is a strategic priority, and we will continue to develop and improve our regulatory and legal frameworks to achieve this goal," said Saudi Finance Minister Mohammed al-Jadaan.
Brussels also added to its list Libya, Botswana, Ghana, Samoa, the Bahamas and the four territories of the United States of America, American Samoa, US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico and Guam.
The other countries listed are Afghanistan, North Korea, Ethiopia, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Syria, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia and Yemen.
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Guyana, Laos, Uganda and Vanuatu have been removed.
Despite pressure to exclude Riyadh from the list, the Commission decided to list the Kingdom and confirmed a Reuters report in January.
The movement comes as tensions between Riyadh and European capitals have been exacerbated by the assassination of columnist Jamal Khashoggi at the Saudi Arabian Consulate in Istanbul last year.
The Saudi Arabian government office did not respond immediately to a request from the Reuters news agency.
Critics said the list did not include some countries involved in money laundering scandals in Europe.
"Some of the biggest dirty money laundering machines are still missing, including Russia, the City of London and its offshore territories, and Azerbaijan," said Green EU lawmaker Sven Giegold, a member of the European Parliament's Special Committee on Financial Crimes.
MEP Eva Joly, a former examining magistrate, welcomed the new list, but suggested that the Commission "publish the country evaluations in order to increase the transparency of the process and avoid allegations of political negotiation".
European countries such as Cyprus or the UK should also be on the list.
Panama said it should be removed from the list because it recently passed stricter anti-money laundering rules.
Jourova said the Commission will continue to monitor closely other unidentified areas, including the US and Russia.
The EU list is larger than that of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), a global body that currently includes 12 states – all on the EU blacklist – but not the Saudi Arabia, Panama and US regions. The FATF will update its list next week.


This section provides an introduction of Minkowski diagram, which represents the Lorentz Transformation overlaying a moving frame into a stationary frame.
What Is Minkowski Diagram? Minkowski diagram is a spacetime diagram that overlays a moving frame into a stationary frame to represent Lorentz Transformation in a geometric model.
Draw an orthogonal coordinate system of (x,ct) to represent Bob's frame.
Draw the ct' axis of Amy's frame along the worldline of Amy's location.
Draw the x' axis of Amy's frame by flipping ct' axis against the light cone line.
Draw a point E at (X,cT) in Bob's frame.
For example, assuming the train is moving at the speed of 0.6*c, an event E at (X,cT)=(5.5,6.5) on Bob's light cone would be observed by Bob in Amy's frame as (X',cT')=(2,4) based on Lorentz transformation.


I have been playing with a PSA E4445A lately and noticed something weird.
I give in a signal with a certain power level, let's say -30dBm at 30MHz. The attenuation is at 10dB and it shows me exactly the 30MHz peak with -30dBm of power. When changing the attenuation now from 10dB slowly to 18dB the signal gets smaller while the PSA still tells me that the signal has a strength of -30dBm. Now, when changing from attenuation of 18dB to 20dB the signal amplitude jumps to -10dBm. It stays there until you change the attenuation from 28dB to 30dB and again it jumps back to -30dBm of power. It does the same thing when going from 38dB to 40dB and then from 48 to 50dB.
That can't be correct, can it? I often need to measure exact singal powers and with the attenuation to automatically adjust, the measured power changes all the time.
Anybody an idea how that can be?
It appears that the 20 dB attenuator section of the A15 mechanical attenuator is faulty. The 20 dB attenuator section appears to not be engaging, so whenever the 20 dB section is turned on, the instrument thinks there should be 20 dB attenuation and adds 20 dB IF gain to compensate. Therefore, a -30 dBm signal shows up as -10 dBm. The instrument will need to be repaired with the A15 attenuator replaced.


Back in the mid-1980s, I scored major points in an elementary school science class because of the daily afternoon cartoon series, G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero. I was in the fifth or sixth grade, if memory serves, and the science teacher asked if anyone in the classroom knew what the acronym DNA actually stood for. Of course, no one did, and there was an awkward pause while the teacher waited, patiently, for someone, anyone, to answer her query. Not wanting to appear too brainy, I hesitated, but ultimately raised my hand and replied: "Deoxyribonucleic acid." How the heck did I know this at such a young age? G.I. Joe. That's right. G.I. Joe.
Back before I realized that cartoons were merely thirty minute commercials for toys I would later harass my parents to purchase for me, I watched the same animated shows everyone else did, including G.I. Joe. Periodically, when the toymakers realized they needed to introduce a new line of toys, they would begin a new season of the cartoon and introduce a whole host of new characters, each with its own accompanying "action figure." And so it was with Serpentor, the new leader of the terrorist organization, Cobra, who was introduced in a five part episode entitled, "Arise, Serpentor, Arise!" This new super villain was genetically manufactured by the villainous Dr. Mindbender, who dispatched his evil forces across the globe to rob the graves of famous military leaders and tacticians so that he might create his own super military leader from their DNA. Wikipedia suggests that this was part of the second season of the G.I. Joe cartoon, which aired sometime in 1985 or 1986. (I suspect it was 1986, as both the Wikipedia entries for Serpentor and Dr. Mindbender indicate those action figures were released that year.). Pictured above is the cover of G.I. Joe #49, which depicts Destro and Dr. Mindbender making off with a corpse for this purpose. In the cartoon, Dr. Mindbender, in explaining the scheme he had hatched, specifically mentions DNA and the source of the acronym, and I remembered it, making myself look smart in class later that year. Who knew? The best part: I never had to reveal the source of my knowledge, for even then, I knew that I would have regretted that admission.
I have no idea if this was my first exposure to the idea of DNA. I certainly remember breathlessly watching the non-Larry Hama penned episodes of the TV show as Cobra grabbed the DNA from great military leaders.
I also thought Dr. Mindbender was a bit of an oddball. Even then I wondered what sort of doctor practices in a cape and no shirt. He was also the last GI Joe figure I believe I ever received as a gift, or who was included in my meager collection of Joes. And I remember feeling a little weird about trying to include him in anything that had to do with my GI Joe helicopter.
High Fidelity: The Beta Band's "The Three E.P.'s"
Daylight Savings Time Begins. Spring Forward.
Ace of Base - The Ultimate Collection?
Jermaine Jackson - The Ultimate Collection?


Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is both highly controversial and widely misunderstood. Its negative aspects are emphasized while the benefits are largely ignored, especially by the mainstream media. As a natural product with a wide range of industrial and medical applications, it has been subject to a campaign of misinformation by big business and government who have a vested interest in its prohibition.
Q: What are the origins of hemp?
Native to Central Asia, hemp has been cultivated for over ten thousand years. The ancient Chinese called it "ma" and used it for making cordage, building materials, cloth and paper. High protein hemp seeds were used as food and in making hemp oil, which has been found to be richer in polyunsaturated fats than canola or soy. In India, hemp was believed to have been produced by the gods. The "Bhagavad Gita (IX:16) called it "the healing herb", and throughout the subcontinent it was a valuable medicine used to treat malaria, improve digestion, cure dysentery, increase mental power and heighten sexual potency. The Bible referred to hemp several times in the Old Testament. In Ezekiel 34:29, hemp (Kaneh) is called a "plant of reknown". Few remember that between the American Revolution and the Second World War, hemp was one of our country's most important agricultural crops. George Washington and Thomas Jefferson grew hemp on their plantations and both encouraged its widespread cultivation. Benjamin Franklin started one of America's first paper mills with hemp, which allowed the colonies to have a free colonial press without having to import paper from England. The Declaration of Independence was drafted on hemp paper. Because hemp fiber is ten times stronger than cotton, it was traditionally made into twine, canvas and clothing. The sails for the USS Constitution, and nearly every other old sailing ship, were made of durable hemp fabric.
Q: How is hemp used?
Hemp can be used to make an astounding 25,000 different products. In addition to well-known products like rope, twine, nets, canvas bags and carpets, the fiber from hemp stalks can be used to make textiles for apparel, diapers, sheets, towels, tents, drapes, knapsacks and shoes. The first Levi's jeans were made of hemp fibers which are longer, stronger, more lustrous, absorbent and mildew resistant than cotton. The fibers and hurds (a pulp byproduct after the hemp fiber is removed from the plant) can make newsprint, cardboard and stationery. Hemp fibers will also strengthen and allow paper to be recycled indefinitely.
In addition to salad oil, margarine and food supplements, hempseed oil has been used to make paint, varnish, ink, fuel, plastic resin, solvents and lubricating oils. It can also be used to make soap, shampoo, bath gels and cosmetics. Hempseed is the world's second richest plant source of protein and is cheaper to cultivate than even soybeans. Hemp protein can be added to flour and animal feed instead of more expensive crops like soy and corn.
Hemp hurds can be used to manufacture cellophane, plastic, building materials, insulation, fiberboard, cement blocks and mortar, and can even be made into a fiberglass substitute.
A hearty plant with few natural enemies, hemp requires no pesticides or fertilizers. Since it takes only 100 days to grow, several crops can be planted a year or after other crops are harvested. the leftover stalks make excellent mulch. A variety of hemp used for industrial purposes contains only minute amounts of the psychoactive chemical THC that is usually associated with hemp cultivation.
Q: Where is hemp produced today?
While hemp cultivation has been prohibited in the United States since 1938 (except during WWII when the government strongly encouraged farmers to grow hemp), it is widely cultivated legally for industrial use in China, the world's largest producer of non-wood paper. Over 10,000 tons of hemp were harvested in France last year, primarily to make building materials and insulation. Romania, Hungary, Russia, Spain and Poland all grow and make products from hemp.
Q: Does hemp have medicinal value?
Until the development of aspirin and barbiturates, cannabis was an important drug in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was used to treat rheumatism, ulcers, asthma, insomnia, migraine and other health problems. Although information of its therapeutic value is ignored by the mainstream media, a growing number of physicians have investigated the medicinal values of hemp. The excellent book, Marihuana: the Forbidden Medicine, by Lester Grinspoon, M.D. and James B. Bakalar, discusses many of their findings. After numerous lawsuits on behalf of cancer patients, 35 states now permit hemp to be consumed primarily to counteract the nausea produced by cancer chemotherapy and AIDS drugs. Help has also been found to help improve the appetite of people with AIDS and to treat symptoms of glaucoma, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, chronic pain, pruritus (severe itching), depression and other mood disorders.
Q: But isn't hemp a dangerous hallucinogen?
Hemp has long been valued as a euphoric, uplifting and mind-expanding herb. A campaign organized by the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and supported by the alcohol, tobacco, petrochemical and paper industries during the 1930s led the public to believe that hemp as addictive and caused "violent crimes (and) psychological and emotional degeneration." Despite a number of scientific studies (including one undertaken in New York City by the LaGuardia administration which found no proof that major crime was associated with marihuana or that it caused aggressive or anti-social behavior) it was declared a dangerous drug by the Federal Government and outlawed in 1937.
While the abuse of mind-altering substances can be harmful, especially while driving or operating machinery, there have been no studies that have proven that smoking hemp is either dangerous or addictive. A major study in Jamaica between 1968 and 1975, sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health (Vera Rubin and Lambros Comitas, Ganja in Jamaica: A Medical Anthropological Study of Chronic Marihuana Use: Anchor Books, NY, 1975), reported even regular smoking of ganja was "without deleterious social or psychological consequences" and found "no impairment of physiological, sensory and perceptual-motor performance, tests of concept formation, abstracting ability and cognitive style and tests of memory." The study also debunked the theory that hemp smoking leads the user to hard drugs like cocaine and heroin, since the use of hard drugs among working class Jamaicans is virtually unknown.
Q: How can hemp cultivation save trees and support the environment?
According to the United States Department of Agriculture, 10,000 acres planted in hemp will yield as much paper as 40,000 acres planted in trees, and requires far less caustic chemicals in its manufacture than paper from wood pulp. Its potential use as an environmentally-friendly source of paper, including corrugated boxes, computer paper and stationery, as well as paperboard and particle board for furniture and housing construction, is enormous. Even if 1917 technology to process hemp into pulp were used today, hemp could replace about 70 percent of all wood pulp produced by paper mills.
Coal and petrochemicals originally received their energy from the sun millions of years ago and stored energy as the plants decayed. When burned, they release pollutants into the atmosphere. Biomass fuel, on the other hand, releases fewer pollutants and the fuel source spends the growing season removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis. Hemp is the world's champion photosynthesizer converting solar energy into biomass more efficiently than almost any other plant. Hemp has at least four times the biomass/cellulose potential of corn or kneaf. It can also compete economically with petroleum-based fuels, without depleting the ozone layer. During World War II, Henry Ford even developed a car that could run on hemp-based fuel.
Q: Why is the government so against the cultivation of hemp?
The alcohol, tobacco and petrochemical interests, as well as large paper companies with interests in forest products, helped influence the government to ban the cultivation and use of hemp in the 1930s. Timid politicians, who prefer to maintain the status quo, are disinclined to legalize hemp for fear of being branded drug advocates. However, shifting economics have renewed interest in hemp cultivation and products. By 1994, over 200 different companies imported hemp, and that year the Governor of Kentucky appointed a task force to study the feasibility of tobacco farmers growing hemp. In January of this year, the Hemp Production Act was introduced in the Colorado state legislature.
Q: What is the future of hemp?
Hemp is one of the most economical crops one can grow. If not outlawed by the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs in the 1930s, many of the nation's family farms would be profitably growing hemp today. Because it grows in many climates and in most types of soil, it is perfectly suited for regional economics. In contrast to importation, local production of hemp would be inexpensive, and lead to the growth of local businesses.
As the public learn more about the value of hemp, there will be a greater demand for hemp products. Seek out additional sources of information and share it with friends, relatives and public officials. Support the use of hemp textiles, clothing and paper.
The Hempstead Company, 2060 Placentia Avenue, Costa Mesa, CA (714-650-8325).


The Analyses Of A Convoluted Text #2?
The narrator recalls his childhood.
He was forced to work for his own living for Mr. Murdstone's friend Mr. Quinion at London by his stepfather.
He lodges at Mr.Micawber's and goes to his work Murdstone and Grinby's.
Yet I held some station at Murdstone and Gringy's too. Besides that, Mr. Quinion did what a careless man so occupied, and dealing with a thing so anomalous, could, to treat me as one upon from the rest, I never said, to man or boy, how it was that I came to be there, or gave the least indication of being sorry that I was there. That I suffered in secret, and that I suffered exquisitely, no one ever knew but I. How much I suffered, it is, as I have said already, utterly beyond my power to tell. But I kept my own counsel, and I did my work. I knew from the first that If I could not do my work as well as any of the rest, I could not hold myself above slight and contempt.
1. I'd like to know if "could" means "as best as he could."
2. I'd like to know "to treat" means "as to treat."
3. I'd like to know if "that" is implied before "I never said" indicating the result of "so" clause.
4. And I'd like to know "How much I suffered" and "utterly beyond my power to tell" are the complements of "it is."
Something has gone wrong with the transcription. It should read "to treat me as one upon a different footing from the rest".
1/2. It basically means "Mr. Quinion did what he could to treat me ..." (which I think you can understand?), but some extra description of Mr Quinlon is included instead of just saying "he".
3. It seems to me that this is anomalous punctuation, and there should be a full stop after "the rest". (I did wonder also whether the comma after "Besides that" could be wrong (or at best misleading) and the structure was supposed to be "Besides that X, Y", an old way of saying "Besides X, Y", meaning that Y happened in addition to X.) In any case, your suggestion is not possible.
4. It is an inverted way of saying "It is utterly beyond my power to tell how much I suffered".
GPY there should be a full stop after "the rest".
... or a linking "and", of course.
Are There Any Errors In This Text?
Why "Analysis" Instead Of "Analyses"?
Summary Of An Austrian Text?


Can I root Galaxy devices with Odin Download?
Indeed you can. The Samsung Odin is an official application but it grants you to involve with the unapproved rooting activity in an easy way. You need to follow a few simple instructions after Odin download free and the administrator privileges will power you to access the system folder and install any kind of third-party application out of the standard Google Play Store.
Engage with Odin download free from "Odindownload.com/SamsungOdin" section only on your Windows computer.
Take a complete backup of all the personal files then run the Odin tool as an administrator.
Download the CF Auto Root application and save it locally.
Update the USB drivers or install manually the final update of the device drivers.
Power off the smart device and then boot it into download mode.
Connect to the computer using a recommended USB cable.
The flashing tool will detect your device automatically if there is no doubt of device USB drivers.
Click on the "AP" or the "PDA" button (Based on the Odin version) and load the downloaded CF-Auto-Root application into the tool.
Click the "Start" button to begin the manner.
The flashing tool will take a moment to complete the procedure and will notify you with a "Pass" message.
Download Samsung Odin is the only way to gain the root access officially but it always voids the device warranty. hence, you have to perform at your own risk. The Galaxy devices are easy to unroot and roll back the situation with a simple unrooting process. That is why achieve advantages of flashing with Samsung Odin download free on your Windows computer.
How to flash Samsung device with Odin?
Can I perform Odin Download free?
The perfect answer to this question is "YES". The Odin download is widely open to perform for free of charge. You have to visit Odindownload.com/SamsungOdin section to download the official freeware in a moment. The Odin tool is compatible only with the Windows computer OS. Therefore, you need to compile a Windows PC to engage with the procedure. Find and download the particular firmware is an urgent need. Unless it may cause to brick your smart device instantly. There is no any APK or related application type meets for download Odin. Get engaged with download Samsung Odin to gain a number of features in a short while. The Samsung Odin has specialized only for Samsung Galaxy series. That is why do not mess with other devices. Flashing the stock ROM firmware resolves any kind of software error. Hence, visit Odindownload.com/SamsungOdin section to get more information and also to Odin download free of charge.
Can download Cydia iOS 11.1?
If you are an Apple lover, surely you know Cydia. And through the topic Download Cydia, here I glad to discuss Download Cydia for iOS 11.1 running devices.
Want to Download Cydia for iOS 11.1 running devices? So go through this for a full description of it.
As we already know, Cydia is the best app for Apple devices but not available in the Apple app stores. Cydia is not allowed to access the root of the iOS device. It cannot Download directly from the web and the key is a jailbreak. For Download Cydia for your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch devices, the jailbreak is the simple way that you can do without any technical knowledge. It is essential. Most jailbreaking tools Install Cydia automatically. Jailbreak removes limited access and gives the freedom to customize the device as you wish. But the problem arises. Is there any available jailbreak for iOS 11.1 latest firmware?
Cydia Download iOS 11.1 is the latest magical update of all jailbreak lovers. It is the next step of iOS 11 and as the latest firmware, iOS 11.1 came to the chapter on 31st of October. With built no. 15B93, it is available to all the iDevices which are compatible with iOS 11. With this grand release fixes few bugs which included some critical bugs on iOS 11. iOS 11.1 Jailbreak is the next challenge for iOS Jailbreak Developers. After iOS 9.3.3 there we cannot see any available updates of Jailbreak.
This great fOS 11.1 currently signing with all 64-bit devices. Especially iPhone X which is launched 3rd November released in the chapter with iOS 11.1. With iOS 11 betas released and Pangu demoed a tool to jailbreak iOS 11 beta. But it is not available to the public yet. According to the available details, that Luca who is a well-known hacker, he tweeted, that he was successful at using Webkit exploit to build a jailbreak for iOS 11. If Todesco going to keep working on the WebKit exploit, we can assume that there could be some chance for Cydia iOS 11.1.
Cydia Download iOS 11.1 is the latest curiosity of Jailbreak lover. But as I mentioned, still we don't have any avaialble tool for iOS 11.1 Jailbreak. So Cydia iOS 11.1 Download and installation process will be delayed some time. If you need to Download Cydia on latest iOS 11.1, it is all about the wait for some more days ahead. For now, we can keep our hopes on that to iOS 11.1 Jailbreak. So stay with us for more.
How can repair Samsung Galaxy S8 from software errors?
The latest Galaxy S8 smartphone released with a number of features. If some software error plague on this device there is an official method to roll back the smart device to its perfectly working days. This procedure based on Samsung Odin download the official application to flash Galaxy devices. If you need to repair the system the only recommended method is flash the stock firmware by means of Odin download. The Odin tool is free to download on Odindownload.com/SamsungOdin website. Use your Windows PC to perform downloads and follow the following instructions to achieve a repaired smartphone in a moment.
Samsung Odin Download from the aforesaid website and execute the Samsung Odin application.
Find and get the correct stock firmware file.
Install the finally updated device USB driver software.
Power off the smart device and boot it into download mode.
Attach to the computer using a recommended USB cable.
Click the "AP" button and load downloaded firmware into the tool.
Click on the "Start" button to commence the productivity.
The Odin tool will take a while to complete the task and then it will notify you that the process has been completed by a "Pass" message in a green color patch.
Now you have completed the flashing procedure and then check whether the errors have removed correctly. There are multiple features shipped along with Samsung Odin download free and engage in each task to receive many features.
Can I have the acess to cydia download iOS 11.1?
Fine as all of us know the iOS 11.1 is the remaining latest iOS-based firmware version. On the ground, as a Cydia lover, it is normal that you find a way to Cydia download iOS 11.1 to enjoy your lovely Cydia apps and Tweaks on your handset with the latest firmware. But the matter is that still, no iOS hacker got the access to find a path to jailbreak the 11th iteration. On the ground, we can guess through 11.1 chapter the developer may be focused to offer some security fixes to the chapter too. So, it is better to allow some more time period to the hackers to find a way to blast the chapter.
What is the best Android rooting tool ever?
SuperSU Pro, right now this is the trend among all Android users. Rooting can be named as the best ever option to make the device user-friendly. Right now, there are thousands of rooting tools available in the Android Market. However most of the rooting tools which are available in the Android market having number of issues in the end process. Sometimes when the rooting process is running, the device got damaged and data of the device get lose. Because of these reasons, root users have to face number of issues. It is complete risk. However, we have a special tool for the rooting right now. That is SuperSU Pro, this is the best ever rooting tool for any of rooting purposes and without any mess, any user can achieve the goal.
SuperSU Pro is simply known as the best SuperUser Access Management tool in the future. Because the main process of SuperSU Pro is to get the SuperUser access to the apps which are installed in the Android device. SuperSU Pro was developed under a special procedure and in the latest version chainfire the developer resolve all the bugs and errors in the previous editions. So right now, any user can use this stunning tool without any bugs or errors.
SuperSU Pro download is available as SuperSU Pro Apk and SuperSU Pro Zip. Any user can download the any of file according to the use of it. Both file are completely free for the download process. Right now SuperSU Pro tool is compatible with all Android versions including the new Android Nougat firmware. Android Nougat firmware can be named as the best ever-Android version that have been released to the public. With the release of the Android Nougat version to the public chainfire released the next version of SuperSU Pro to the public, which is now compatible to all other Android versions that are live in public.
This is just a simple tool, but this simple tool contains number of stunning features for the end users. With the help of this stunning SuperSU Pro features any user can enjoy the maximum level of rooting experience. Among the features of the SuperSU Pro temporary unroot, complete unroot, pin protection, and OTA mode can be named as major features of this stunning SuperSU Pro rooting tool.
· Full color-coded command content logging.
· Pre app user overrides along with logging configuration.
· Pre App PIN protection and PIN Protection.
· Provides you Super User Access.
· Get Temporary unroot for your Android Devices.
· Nonstandard shell locations are available.
· Works in Recovery mode.
· Works with non-standard Shell location.
· Provide a backup script for surviving.
· Four Selective options to select a theme.
· Provides PIN code protection.
· Pin protection for apps.
· Adjust Auto deny on the countdown.
The download process of SuperSU Pro is quite easy process. Any use can download the SuperSU Pro within just one click. Right now over 100 millions of users have been using this stunning tool for their rooting purpose. Moreover any user can download the SuperSU Pro rooting tool complete free of charge.
Tips for Can Cydia download for iOS 11.1?
Tips for How to flash Samsung device with Odin?
How to flash the modem firmware on Samsung devices using Odin Download?
If some Samsung Galaxy user saw an error related to internet connectivity there are some special actions to take on. While repairing these matters the modem firmware flashing takes a remarkable space on the procedure. There are a few tools that capable to engage with this task. Fortunately. the Samsung Odin download resolves the matter in an easy way. Take a look at the procedure and engage with the task following the following instructions as well.
Backup the smart device completely before engaging in the manner.
Get engaged with Samsung Odin Download from Odindownload.com/SamsungOdin website on your Windows computer and run as an administrator.
Find and pick up the correct modem firmware file. This should be in ".tar" file format.
Install device USB drivers but an updated version.
Switch off the smart device and then boot it into download mode.
Connect to the computer using a recommended USB cable. The Odin will detect the app instantly.
Then click the "CP" button and load the downloaded firmware file into the Odin tool.
After that, click on the "Start" button to commence the procedure.
It will flash the modem and also will send a "Pass" message in a green color patch. The attached device might display that the flashing manner has completed with a rebooting action. The Samsung Odin download is the only official way to repair your device's modem from any kind of error.
How to flash a Samsung Galaxy mobile officially?
The flashing is a developer related manner. At the yore, there was no any method for flash any Samsung Galaxy device officially without sending the smartphone or else tablet PC without sending them to a service station. Discerning this matter the Samsung Inc requested the XDA developers to create an unbeaten option for flashing the Samsung Android system correctly. Reference to this request the developers called into being the Samsung Odin. Though the tool used only in Samsung service centers at the outset, the disclosure of the app powered all the average users to engage with this developer option in an easy way. That is why if you need to flash any Galaxy device officially, the only way is to make this happen is Samsung Odin download free from the Odindownload.com/SamsungOdin website.
There are no any special guidelines to use Samsung Odin download. Just download Odin, find the correct firmware file that compatible with your device and save it locale of your Windows computer, install the latest device USB drivers, connect the smartphone to the computer after booting to the download mode, click the "AP" button to load the newly downloaded firmware file and then click on the "Start" button. It is that simple. Follow this simple manner for the flashing manner of your system correctly using Samsung Odin download.
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What is the purpose of Samsung Odin?
What can we do with Odin download?
Samsung Odin is the leading application what stands for flashing any Samsung Galaxy smart device in a minute of time. You are able to flash the stock ROM firmware for repairing the Galaxy device from any kind of software issues such as boot loop, application crash, and other software issues. Though any Android vendor does not approve, the custom ROM flashing is natural in Samsung Odin download. The kernels flashing for tweaking performances and recovery files flashing are the added advantages. Gain root access using the Root package flashing feasibility is another benefit. Unbrick any bricked Galaxy mobile is another revenue what is offered by the Odin download.
If there is any matter with the modem of the Samsung device the Odin tool helps to flash the modem firmware. This replacing manner will wipe all the errors related to the modem matters. The Windows platform is the only compatible computer OS with Samsung Odin download. That is why you need to compile a Windows computer with installing the latest device USB drivers is a requirement. Find and download the relevant firmware with each process is an urgent need. Otherwise, the Odin may push your device to the bricked condition.
Is there any possibility for Cydia iOS 11.0.3?
After launching the iOS 11 firmware edition to the public, the quick-witted Apple developers have focused more on their firmware edition and release other three minor chapters to the public. And after that, they have closed the windows to signing to the past iOS 11.0.1 and iOS 10.3.3 chapters. Therefore, now the remaining latest iOS chapter was iOS 11.0.3. So, in the moment when we focusing to know Cydia download iOS 11.0.3 possibility actually, still, we couldn’t find any latest fact.
As all of us know the Keen Team has demoed for Cydia iOS 11 on last MOSEC and after that, recently Luca has found the newest WebKit Exploit. Of course, this is the remain latest fact and we can hope it will be based for an upcoming iOS 11 jailbreak. But we can’t guess, what will really happen in the jailbreak community. So, in the moment these are the remaining facts you needs to know.
What is the latest state of Cydia Installer iOS 11?
As of now, iOS 11.0,3 signs the latest for all 64-bit devices while Apple is in testing the iOS 11.1 in beta 5. So we see Apple in working for software improvements binging various security upgrades and features through different firmware releases. But for the distracting fact, we remain unanswered for the question of jailbreak iOS 11 and Cydia as there is yet no update to Cydia Installer iOS 11. In fact, there is no public jailbreak and Cydia Download opportunity yet been revealed since Yalu came in target the iOS 10-10.2.
In concerned the state of jailbreak, we never know when will the next update come. So at the moment, we cannot exactly say how the road to Cydia Installer iOS 11 will be built. But if that going to be again from Todesco, that will be based on the WebKit exploit which he had revealed sometimes back. So let us wait with the hope as it feels like we are getting close to something profitable in jailbreak as a payback for the distracting long pause.
Can I download LG flash tool to my LG device directly?
Fine, as an LG Smart Phone or Tablet user you can use the LG flash tool with your LG handset to flash ROM files. Definitely, this is the best way for you to flash over 1GB KDZ files on your LG device. But you haven’t the access to download the flash utility directly to your handset. Because LG Flash utility hasn't the APK version. So, you want to download it to a PC. And the PC wants to be with Windows platform. And to run the process smoothly you want to install the correct LG USB drivers to the PC.
How to choose essential oils for sauna and bath?
For use in the sauna, almost all coniferous essential oils that purify air and lungs, as well as cooling essential oils with mint and lemon notes - which are ideal for use in the summer, are ideal.
I recommend: If you want to use essential oils in a sauna, please do not save on your health and the health of your loved ones, use only natural quality essential oils without foreign additives. Only then you can not only enjoy all the shades of natural aromas, but also a curative effective effect on the body. Remember that essential oils from "soap stores", and "special sets for sauna" are not suitable, because they are not natural essential oils.
Odin is the official flashing utility for Samsung Galaxy smartphones. Basically, the tool is used to unbrick bricked Samsung Galaxy smartphones flashing stock ROMs on it. In addition to unbricking Samsung smartphones, you can use the tool to flash Custom ROMs, Custom recovery, Stock recovery, custom kernels, and root packages. In here you can find the way to root Samsung Galaxy smartphone using Odin. The same process can be applied to any model of Samsung smartphone.
Samsung Galaxy Note 2 was one of the attractive smartphones which were released in 2012. In addition to the global version, Samsung Galaxy Note 2 came in Samsung SCH-I605 for Verizon, Samsung SCH-R950 for U.S. Cellular and Samsung SPH-L900 for Sprint. By now it has been seven years after initial release and production has been discontinued by the Samsung. If you have one of Samsung Galaxy Note devices if you are interested in rooting it Samsung Odin is the most reliable way since it is the official flashing utility software. In here you can learn how to use the Odin application to root your Samsung Galaxy Note 2 Smartphone. Visit website to learn how to flash stock ROM using Samsung Odin.
First of all, you have to be informed that the Odin is not available in official sites since Samsung has not released it to the public. But, the application is available on third-party sources. You can use this link to navigate a reliable site or you can download it from where you prefer. Though the Odin is not available in official sites you can find that Samsung has instructed users to use Samsung Odin to flash their Samsung Galaxy devices in Samsung Enterprise Alliance Programme (SEAP).
When the download Mode shows up press "Volume Up" to continue or you can cancel the process pressing "Volume Down"
Finally, your device will boot into stock recovery and tap on "Reboot" to turn on your device with "Root Acess"


It’s an easy tense if you know the future tense. The future tense is fairly straightforward. You start with the ‘infinitif’ i.e. raconter = to tell (a story) and you add the endings that happen to be similar to the verb avoir in the present tense.
Have a go! Transform the verbs in brackets in the future tense in the following message.
J’ai trop aimé mon séjour à Bordeaux. Je (retourner) voir cette belle ville, je me (promener) le long des quais de la Garonne, je (photographier) encore ces mouettes toujours affamées.
2 – Traduisez le paragraphe en Anglais.
Je vous donnerai les réponses demain.


What are Ligue 1 Football Odds?
For football fans that are just starting out in sports betting, know that odds are going to be central elements of all your bets on Ligue 1 football. Encrypted values, these odds will be directly related to the probabilities that surround a meeting of your choice, and will also be related to the scenario on which you want to place your bet.
What must be understood about the values of Ligue 1 odds is that they are directly proportional to the chances of a scenario occurring. More specifically, the higher the risk associated with a bet, the higher the odds offered on that outcome will be. To that the case of a match between Paris Saint-Germain and Olympique Marseille, a victory for PSG is likely to be offered at low odds (e.g. 6/5), while the odds of a Marseille victory will be offered at much higher odds (e.g. 8/1). Your potential winnings will thus be greater in the event of a winning bet on Marseille than on a successful bet on PSG - Logic.
Check out Ligue 1 Odds at William Hill!
You can thus understand that a bet on the victory of PSG is more likely to be successful than a bet on Marseille to win, even if such a bet on Marseille would result in a higher reward amount should they be successful. In this case, it is up to you to use your judgment to create your own Ligue 1 betting strategy.
Find great Ligue 1 Betting Odds!
Why is it worth comparing League Betting 1 odds?
For the same bet on the same match, I stand to win £20 more by placing my bet at Betway than with William Hill. This shows the interest of always comparing Ligue 1 odds before betting - a difference of hundreds of pounds could be seen over the course of a season. There can thus be only one solution - register an account with all the bookmakers available on the market.
Bet on your Ligue 1 Team!
When are Ligue 1 odds at their highest?
In addition to varying amongst bookmakers, Ligue 1 betting odds can also see a change in value in accordance to time. There are many different parameters that can directly impact the odds offered by online sports betting sites, such as player injuries, recent fixtures, suspensions or even statements made by coaches. For example, in a match between Lyon and Bordeaux, the proposed odds for the success of the favourites OL could rise from 9/5 to 2/1 if Les Gones lose their best player to injury in the run-up to the match. Without their star player, Lyon will have more difficulty in beating Bordeaux, which is the reason for the increase in odds values amongst bookmakers.
The question thus arises - when should I place my bet in order to take advantage of the best odds proposed on the market? Is there a moment for every match? According to our experts in Ligue 1 odds, the answer to these questions are unfortunately negative. Given the wide range of different variables that can impact each match of the French Football Championship, it is impossible to determine the key moment to place an online bet. For each fixture, it is necessary to rely on your instinct, based on your own feelings as well as all the up-to-date news that surrounds the match of your choice. At a push, know that the odds offered on an early bet are often at their highest if you want to bet on a favourite, and often devalue as the game approaches, but it is a higher risk involved.
Check out Ligue 1 Betting Odds Now!
To help you quickly find the best Ligue 1 odds for your bet, Wincomparator and its experts have developed a tool 100% dedicated to the comparison of odds on the French Ligue 1. For every day, at every stage of the tournament, no matter the time of day, you can find the bookmaker that offers the highest odds values for the bet of your choice. Rather than having to analyse each betting site individually, you can save time and be sure not to miss out of the best odds - in sum, a saving of both time and money.
To find the best Ligue 1 betting odds on the game of your choice, our technology is also simple: all the odds on the market are analyzed live, and the highest are displayed instantly in our comparative table. And when the odds are equal? In this case it is very simple - if two bookmakers offer the same odds for your bet, we give priority to the one who offers the best betting site (based on factors such as welcome bonus, quality of the site, design, speed, intuitiveness etc.). No more doubt allowed for your bets!


Martha Stewart has pleaded innocent to criminal charges that she obstructed justice, lied to investigators and engaged in securities fraud. Safe to say these are not the kinds of domestic duties Stewart ever expected to face, but face them she must.
Now she'll have her day in court. She also made it clear that she plans to have her day in the court of public opinion, too. In a full-page ad in USA Today Thursday, Stewart told her public, "I want you to know that I am innocent--and that I will fight to clear my name."
After being indicted, she resigned as chairman and CEO of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia. That's the company she built over the last two decades into a wildly successful home entertaining conglomerate that has made her name synonymous with impeccable--some would say unattainable--domesticity.
Stewart has not been charged with criminal insider trading, but she has been charged with alleged activities surrounding such a case.
Her troubles stem from an alleged insider trading case involving her friend Samuel Waksal, the founder of ImClone Systems. Two days after Christmas 2001, and one day before the Food and Drug Administration ruled against ImClone's new cancer drug, Stewart sold nearly 4,000 shares of ImClone stock. By doing so before that negative news became widely known, she avoided losses of $45,000.
None of that is in dispute. The questions are: Why did she sell when she did? And what did she do after that sale came under scrutiny. Stewart claims in the ad, "I simply returned a call from my stockbroker" and later "denied any wrongdoing in public statements and voluntary interviews with prosecutors."
The government charges she sold the stock when she did because she learned her friend, the company founder, was dumping. Then, she concocted a phony story to buttress her case. When Stewart downplayed the case against her last June, prosecutors say she misled her own stockholders, committing securities fraud.
Because this case involves a polarizing celebrity some love and others love to hate, it has also prompted charges of sexism and prosecutorial overreach. If Martha Stewart were a man would she be a target? If Martha Stewart were Jane Doe, would she be prosecuted for these alleged crimes? The answer to both questions is: yes.
The charges are sufficiently serious to warrant prosecution. Stewart's celebrity is fueling much of the media coverage of this case, but it is irrelevant to the question of her guilt or innocence. When insiders or friends of insiders profit from information not available to average investors, other investors pay a price. When insider trading is revealed, the integrity of the markets is damaged. Stewart is entitled to a presumption of innocence. As is the case for thousands of defendants who don't have the cache of Martha Stewart, the courts will sort this out.


For other uses of "World music", see World Music (disambiguation).
World music (also called global music or international music) is a musical category encompassing many different styles of music from around the globe, which includes many genres including some forms of Western music represented by folk music, Jazz, as well as selected forms of ethnic music, indigenous music, neotraditional music, and music where more than one cultural tradition, such as ethnic music and Western popular music, intermingle.
World music's inclusive nature and elasticity as a musical category may pose for some obstacles to a universal definition, but its ethic of interest in the culturally exotic is encapsulated in Roots magazine's description of the genre as "local music from out there". Millie Small released "My Boy Lollipop" in 1964, Small's version was big hit, reaching number 2 both in the UK Singles Chart and in the US Billboard Hot 100. In 1960s Miriam Makeba and Hugh Masekela got popular hits in USA. Ravi Shankar played sitar at Woodstock pop festival. They were examples of third world music.
In 70s Manu Dibango had funky hit "Soul Makossa"(1972) and Osibisa released "Sunshine Day"(1976). 1980s as a marketing category for non-Western traditional music. It has grown to include hybrid subgenres such as world fusion, global fusion, ethnic fusion, and worldbeat. Mory Kante had club hit in 1987.
The term has been credited to ethnomusicologist Robert E. Brown, who coined it in the early 1960s at Wesleyan University in Connecticut, where he developed undergraduate through the doctoral programs in the discipline. To enhance the process of learning, he invited more than a dozen visiting performers from Africa and Asia and began a world music concert series. The term became current in the 1980s as a marketing/classificatory device in the media and the music industry. There are several conflicting definitions for world music. One is that it consists of "all the music in the world", though such a broad definition renders the term virtually meaningless.
The term also is taken as a classification of music that combines Western popular music styles with one of many genres of non-Western music that are also described as folk music or ethnic music. However, world music is not exclusively traditional folk music. It may include cutting edge pop music styles as well. Succinctly, it can be described as "local music from out there", or "someone else's local music". It is a very nebulous term with an increasing number of genres that fall under the umbrella of world music to capture musical trends of combined ethnic style and texture, including Western elements (examples noted in this section).
Music from around the world exerts wide cross-cultural influence as styles naturally influence one another, and in recent years world music has also been marketed as a successful genre in itself. Academic study of world music, as well as the musical genres and individual artists associated with it appear in such disciplines as anthropology, folkloristics, performance studies and ethnomusicology.
In the age of digital music production the increased availability of high-quality, ethnic music samples, sound bites and loops from every known region are commonly used in commercial music production, which has exposed a vast spectrum of indigenous music texture to developing, independent artists. These influences proliferate quickly in a web-based music industry that is now percolating as a much larger, predominantly self-promoted menu, via an increasing number of indie-artist-friendly, streaming Internet options, such as Last.fm, Rhapsody, Live365, Jango Artist Airplay and ReverbNation.
An amalgamation of roots music in the global, contemporary listening palette has become apparent, which weakens the role major entertainment labels can play in the cultural perception of genre boundaries. As a result, definitions of the genre have become particularly varied, and determined by particularly wide-ranging and varied opinions.
Similar terminology between distinctly different sub-categories under primary music genres, such as world, rock and pop can be as ambiguous and confusing to industry moguls as it is to consumers. This is especially true in the context of world music, where branches of ethnically influenced pop trends are as genre-defined by consumer perception as they are by the music industry forums that govern the basis for categorical distinction. Academic scholars tend to agree that, in today's world of consumer music reviews and blogging, global music culture's public perception is what ultimately distils a prevailing basis for definition from genre ambiguity, regardless of how clearly a category has been outlined by corporate marketing forums and music journalism. The world music genre's gradual migration from a clear spectrum of roots music traditions to an extended list of hybrid subgenres is a good example of the motion genre boundaries can exhibit in a globalizing pop culture.
The classic, original definition of world music was in part created to instill a perceived authenticity and distinction between indigenous music traditions and those that eventually become diluted by pop culture, and the modern debate over how possible it is to maintain that perception in the richly diverse genre of world music is ongoing.
In a report on the 2014 globalFEST National Public Radio's Anastasia Tsioulcas said "Even within the "world music" community, nobody likes the term "world music." It smacks of all kinds of loaded issues, from cultural colonialism to questions about what's "authentic" and what isn't (and who might get to police such inquiries), and forces an incredible array of styles that don't have anything in common under the label of "exotic Other." What's more: I believe that in many people's imaginations, "world music" means a kind of fairly awful, gloppy, hippy-ish, worldbeat fusion. It's a problematic, horrible term that satisfies absolutely no one."
Examples of popular forms of world music include the various forms of non-European classical music (e.g. Japanese koto and Chinese guzheng music, Indian raga music, Tibetan chants), Eastern European folk music (e.g. the village music of the Balkans, The Mystery Of The Bulgarian Voices), Nordic folk music and the many forms of folk and tribal music of the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Oceania, Central and South America, Latin music, and Indonesian music.
The Breton musician Alan Stivell pioneered the connection between traditional folk music, modern rock music and world music with his 1972 album Renaissance of the Celtic Harp. At this time, Stivell's contemporary, Welsh singer-songwriter Meic Stevens popularised Welsh folk music. Neo-traditional Welsh language music featuring a fusion of modern instruments and traditional instruments such as the Pibgorn and the Welsh harp has been further developed by artists such as Bob Delyn a'r Ebillion. Lebanese musical pioneer Lydia Canaan fused Middle-Eastern quarter notes and microtones with anglophone folk, and is listed in the catalog of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum's Library and Archives as the first rock star of the Middle East.
More recently, other Welsh-language bands such as Calan and 9 Bach have achieved international acclaim. Experimental psychedelic rock group Super Furry Animals's Welsh-language album Mwng was released in May 2000 and re-released in May 2015, captures the spirit of World music as 'trying to hang on to something that's under serious threat from advanced capitalism'.
The broad category of world music includes isolated forms of ethnic music from diverse geographical regions. These dissimilar strains of ethnic music are commonly categorized together by virtue of their indigenous roots. Over the 20th century, the invention of sound recording, low-cost international air travel and common access to global communication among artists and the general public has given rise to a related phenomenon called "crossover" music. Musicians from diverse cultures and locations could readily access recorded music from around the world, see and hear visiting musicians from other cultures and visit other countries to play their own music, creating a melting pot of stylistic influences. While communication technology allows greater access to obscure forms of music, the pressures of commercialization also present the risk of increasing musical homogeneity, the blurring of regional identities, and the gradual extinction of traditional local music-making practices.
Since the music industry established this term, the fuller scope of what an average music consumer defines as "world" music in today's market has grown to include various blends of ethnic music tradition, style and interpretation, and derivative world music genres have been coined to represent these hybrids, such as World fusion, Global fusion, Ethnic fusion or Worldbeat. Good examples of hybrid, world fusion are the Irish / West African meld of Afro Celt Sound System, the pan-cultural sound of AO Music and the jazz / Finnish folk music of Värttinä, each of which bear tinges of contemporary, Western influence—an increasingly noticeable element in the expansion genres of world music. World fusion / Worldbeat / Ethnic fusion / Global fusion can also blend specific indigenous sounds with more blatant elements of Western pop. Good examples are Paul Simon's album Graceland, on which South African Mbaqanga music is heard, Peter Gabriel's work with Pakistani Sufi singer, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the Deep Forest project, in which vocal loops from West Africa are blended with Western, contemporary rhythmic textures and harmony structure, and the work of Mango, who combined pop and rock music with world elements.
More recent bands who exhibit experimentation with World music Hybrid Forms include Vampire Weekend, The Very Best, Island Cassettes & Yeasayer, many of which cite inspiration from the work of Paul Simon.
Depending on style and context, world music can sometimes share the new-age music genre, which is a category that often includes Ambient music and textural expressions from indigenous roots sources. Good examples are Tibetan bowls, Tuvan throat singing, Gregorian chant or Native American flute music. World music blended with new-age music is a sound, loosely classified as the hybrid genre, ethnic fusion. Examples of ethnic fusion are Nicholas Gunn's "Face-to-Face" from Beyond Grand Canyon, featuring authentic Native American flute combined with synthesizers, and "Four Worlds" from The Music of the Grand Canyon, featuring spoken word from Razor Saltboy of the Navajo Indian Nation.
The subgenre world fusion is often mistakenly assumed to refer exclusively to a blending of Western jazz fusion elements with world music. Although such a hybrid expression falls easily into the world fusion category, the suffix "fusion" in the term world fusion should not be assumed to mean only jazz fusion. Western jazz combined with strong elements of world music is more accurately termed world fusion jazz, ethnic jazz or non-Western jazz. World fusion and global fusion are nearly synonymous with the genre term worldbeat, and though these are considered subgenres of popular music, they may also imply universal expressions of the more general term, world music. Throughout the 1970s and 80s, fusion in the jazz music genre implied a blending of jazz and rock music, which is where the misleading assumption is rooted.
Although it primarily describes traditional music, the world music category also includes popular music from non-Western urban communities (e.g. South African "township" music) and non-European music forms that have been influenced by other so-called third-world musics (e.g. Afro-Cuban music), although Western-style popular song sourced from non-English-speaking countries in Europe (e.g. French pop music) would not generally be considered world music.
Paris is one of the great European capitals for world music. For many years, the city has attracted numerous musicians from former colonies in West and North Africa. This scene is aided by the fact that there are many concerts and institutions that help to promote the music.
Algerian and Moroccan music have an important presence in the French capital. Hundreds of thousands of Algerian and Moroccan immigrants have settled in Paris, bringing the sounds of Amazigh (Berber), raï, and Gnawa music.
The West African community is also very large, integrated by people from Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast, and Guinea.
One origin of the term was the initiation of Fête de la Musique ("World Music Day") in 1982 in France. World Music Day has been celebrated on 21 June every year since then. On 29 June 1987 a meeting of interested parties gathered to capitalize on the marketing of this genre. Arguably popular interest was sparked with the release in 1986 of Paul Simon's Graceland album. The concept behind the album was to express his own sensibilities using the sounds he had fallen in love with while listening to artists from Southern Africa, including Ladysmith Black Mambazo and Savuka. This project and the work of Peter Gabriel and Johnny Clegg among others had, to some degree, introduced non-Western music to a wider audience. They saw this as an opportunity. Zila Khan is one of today's leading singers in World Music.
Before 1987, world music had a following but it was still difficult for interested parties to sell their music to the larger music stores. Although specialist music stores had been important in developing the genre over many years, the record companies, broadcasters and journalists had been finding it difficult to build a following because the music, itself, seemed too scarce. However, they were aware that the jazz and classical markets had developed a crossover audience. They decided the best way forward would be a collective strategy to bring the music to a wider audience.
At around this time, Cultural Co-operation started the Music Village Festival. This regular series of free world music festivals continues to run.
[He] felt that the main problem in selling our kind of material lay with the UK retail outlets and, specifically, the fact that they did not know how to rack it coherently. This discouraged [the retail stores] from stocking the material in any depth and made it more difficult for the record buyers to become acquainted with our catalogs.
The first concern of the meetings was to select the umbrella name that this music would be listed under. Suggestions included "world beat" and prefixing words such as "hot" or "tropical" to existing genre titles. "World music" won after a show of hands, but initially it was not meant to be the title for a whole new genre—but just something the record labels could place on record sleeves to distinguish them during the forthcoming campaign. Afterward, they agreed that despite the publicity campaign, this wasn't an exclusive club—and that for the good of all, any label that sold this type of music could use the name.
Another issue was the distribution methods at the time. Most main labels were unhappy with the lack of specialist knowledge in their sales force, which led to poor service. Many larger outlets were reluctant to carry the music, because they favored larger releases they could promote within the store. It was difficult to justify a large presentation expense with limited stock going into stores.
One of the marketing strategies used in the vinyl market at the time was the use of browser cards, which would appear in the record racks. As part of the "world music" campaign, it was decided that these would be a two color affair designed to carry a special offer package; to aid the retailer a selection of labels would also be included, presumably for shelf or rack edging.
In an unprecedented move, all of the world music labels coordinated together and developed a compilation cassette for the cover of the music magazine NME. The overall running time was 90 minutes, each package containing a mini-catalog showing the other releases on offer.
By the time of a second meeting it became clear that a successful campaign required its own dedicated press officer. The press officer would be able to juggle various deadlines and sell the music as a concept—not just to national stations, but also regional DJs keen to expand their musical variety. DJs were a key resource as it was important to make "world music" important to people outside London—most regions after all had a similarly heritage to tap into. A cost-effective way of achieving all this would be a leafleting campaign.
The next step was to develop a world music chart, gathering together selling information from around fifty shops, so that it would finally be possible to see which were big sellers in the genre—so new listeners could see what was particularly popular. It was agreed that the NME could again be involved in printing the chart and also Music Week and the London listings magazine City Limits. It was also suggested that Andy Kershaw might be persuaded to do a run down of this chart on his show regularly.
In most wealthy industrialized countries, large amounts of immigration from other regions has been ongoing for many decades. This has introduced non-Western music to Western audiences not only as "exotic" imports, but also as local music played by fellow citizens. Caribbean music in the United Kingdom or Chicano rock in the United States would be two obvious examples. But the process is ongoing and continues to produce new forms. In the 2010s several musicians from immigrant communities in the West rose to global popularity, such as Haitian-American Wyclef Jean, Somali-Canadian K'naan, Tamil-Briton M.I.A., or Lebanese-Colombian Shakira, often blending the music of their heritage with hip-hop or pop. Cuban-born singer-songwriter Addys Mercedes started her international career from Germany mixing traditional elements of Son with pop.
The diverse nature of major Western cities has changed the pace of musical intermixing. Once, an established Western artist might collaborate with an established African artist to produce an album or two. Now, new bands and new genres are built from the ground up by young performers. For example, the Punjabi-Irish fusion band Delhi 2 Dublin is from neither India nor Ireland, but Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Country for Syria, an Istanbul based music collective, blends American Country music with the music of Syrian refugees and local Turkish music.
In Vancouver,[clarification needed] musicians and composers also work collectively to create original compositions for various combinations of ethnic and western instruments.
The World Music Month started in October 1987. It is a music festival held at the Town & Country Club in London, and it was the start of the winter season for both WOMAD and Arts Worldwide.
More and more international artists, many of whom are big stars in their own countries, are coming to England and North America on tour. They started off, like the Bhundu Boys, playing small clubs and pubs, but now many acts are so popular that they are filling larger venues.
Examples of radio shows that feature world music include World of Music on Voice of America, Transpacific Sound Paradise on WFMU, The Planet on Australia's ABC Radio National, DJ Edu presenting D.N.A: DestiNation Africa on BBC Radio 1Xtra, Adil Ray on the BBC Asian Network, Andy Kershaw's show on BBC Radio 3 and Charlie Gillett's show on the BBC World Service.
World music radio programs today often play African hip hop or reggae artists, crossover Bhangra and Latin American jazz groups, etc. Common media for world music include public radio, webcasting, the BBC, NPR, and the (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). By default, non-region-specific or multi-cultural world music projects are often listed under the generic category of world music.
The generally accepted geographic standard for what designates world music is withstanding criticism for its universal asymmetry, where nearly every classifiable region under the term is defined, relative to Western music culture; this is primarily due to the fact that dominant corporate structures for music distribution and promotion originate in Europe and North America, as do the forums for establishing industry genre categories. Therefore, in market context, "ethnic" music is synthetically defined by a radius that extends from a Western center.
Some musicians and curators of music have come to dislike the term "world music". To these critics, "world music" is a parochial, catch-all marketing term for non-Western music of all genres. In October 1999, Luaka Bop label founder and ex-Talking Heads frontman David Byrne wrote an "I Hate World Music" editorial in The New York Times explaining his objections to the term. Byrne argued that the labelling and categorization of other cultures as "exotic" serves to attract an insincere consumption and deter other potential consumers.
The BBC Radio 3 Awards for World Music was an award given to world music artists between 2002 and 2008, sponsored by BBC Radio 3. The award was thought up by fRoots magazine's editor Ian Anderson, inspired by the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. Award categories included: Africa, Asia/Pacific, Americas, Europe, Mid East and North Africa, Newcomer, Culture Crossing, Club Global, Album of the Year, and Audience Award. Initial lists of nominees in each category were selected annually by a panel of several thousand industry experts. Shortlisted nominees were voted on by a twelve-member jury, which selected the winners in every category except for the Audience Award category. These jury members were appointed and presided over by the BBC. The annual awards ceremony was held at the BBC Proms and winners were given an award called a "Planet". In March 2009, the BBC made a decision to axe the BBC Radio 3 Awards for World Music.
In response to the BBC's decision to end its awards program, the British world music magazine Songlines launched the Songlines Music Awards in 2009 "to recognise outstanding talent in world music".
The WOMEX Awards were introduced in 1999 to honor the high points of world music on an international level and to acknowledge musical excellence, social importance, commercial success, political impact and lifetime achievement. Every October at the WOMEX event, the award figurine—an ancient mother goddess statue dating back about 6000 years to the Neolithic age—is presented in an award ceremony to a worthy member of the world music community.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to World music festivals.
The WOMAD Foundation organizes festivals in countries around the world.
The Globe to Globe World Music Festival takes place in the City of Kingston, Melbourne, for 2 days each year in January.
The Dhaka World Music Festival takes place in Dhaka.
Sfinks Festival in Boechout, Belgium is a 4-day world music festival.
Sunfest is an annual 4-day world music festival that happens in London, Ontario, primarily in Victoria Park that typically runs the weekend after Canada Day in early July. Sunfest is billed as Canada’s Premier Celebration of World Cultures.
Ethnoambient is a two- or three-day world music festival held every summer (started 1998) in Solin, a town in center part of Dalmatia, south part of Croatia.
The Festival de l'Inde takes place in Evian, Haute-Savoie.
The TFF Rudolstadt takes place annually on the first full July weekend in Rudolstadt, Thuringia, Germany.
Budapest Ritmo Festival takes place in Budapest, Hungary.
The Lakshminarayana Global Music Festival (LGMF) takes place annually during December–January, often across several major cities in India. The LGMF has also traveled to 22 countries.
Matasora World Music Festival held in Bandung, Java.
The Fajr International Music Festival is Iran's most prestigious Music Festival founded in 1986. The festival is affiliated with UNESCO and includes national and international competition sections. Since its establishment, many musicians from several countries like Austria, Germany, France participated in the event. The festival have enjoyed a strong presence of Asian countries as well.
The Ariano Folkfestival is a five-day world music festival held every summer in Ariano Irpino, a small town in southern Italy.
The World Music Festival Lo Sguardo di Ulisse was first held in 1997 in Campania, Italy.
OFFest is a five-day world music festival held every summer (started 2002) in Skopje.
Festival au Désert takes place every year at Essakane, near Timbuktu, in Mali, West Africa and has achieved international status in spite of the difficulties of reaching its location.
Mawazine is a festival of world music that takes place annually in Rabat, Morocco, featuring Arab and international music icons.
Festival in New Plymouth, New Zealand. Early March each year.
The Cross-Culture Warsaw Festival, Poland. September each year.
Brave Festival, Wrocław, Poland. July each year.
Ethno Port, Poznań, Poland. June each year.
Ethno Jazz Festival in Wrocław, Poland. Several events throughout the whole year.
Different Sounds (Inne brzmienia), Lublin, Poland. July each year.
Francophonic Festival in Warsaw, Poland. March each year.
Nowa Tradycja (New Tradition), Warsaw, Poland. May each year.
Siesta Festival, Gdańsk, Poland. First edition in April/May 2011.
Festival Músicas do Mundo, Sines, Setúbal District is a world music festival first held in 1998.
The Serbia World Music Festival is a three-day world music festival held every summer in Takovo, a small village in central Serbia.
Sweden , Green World Yoga & Sacred Music Festival, June this year at Skåne.
Konya Mystic Music Festival, held annually in Konya since 2004, in recent years in commemoration of Rumi's birthday. The festival features traditional music from around the world with a mystical theme, religious function and/or sacred content.
Fethiye World Music Festival. The Fethiye World Music Festival presents musicians from different countries of the world for concerts that will contribute to the city’s arts and culture.
Musicport World Music Festival held annually at The Spa Pavilion, Whitby, North Yorkshire.
Drum Camp established in 1996 is a unique world music festival. Each event takes you on a musical journey around the world, combining ancient rhythmic traditions with the most modern and cutting edge grooves and beats.
WOMAD Festival has been running annually since 1986 and is currently held at Charlton Park in Wiltshire.
FloydFest in Floyd, Virginia, United States, has featured artists from a wide diversity of styles.
The Finger Lakes GrassRoots Festival of Music and Dance in Trumansburg, New York, United States, has featured artists from a variety of world and ethnic music genres.
Stern Grove Festival is a San Francisco celebration of musical and cultural diversity, including symphony orchestras and operatic stars.
The Starwood Festival is a seven-day Neopagan, New Age, multi-cultural and world music festival that has been held in July every year since 1981 at various locations in the United States.
^ Tsioulcas, Anastasia (December 13, 2014). "Best Global Music Of 2014". NPR. Retrieved July 21, 2017.
^ Chris Nickson. The NPR Curious Listener's Guide to World Music. Grand Central Press, 2004. pp 1-2.
^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 367. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
^ Erlmann, Veit (1996). "Aesthetics of the Global Imagination: Reflections on World Music in the 1990s". Public Culture. 8 (3). pp. 467–488.
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^ a b c "World Fusion Music". worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com. Archived from the original on 2012-03-14.
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^ Livingstone, David. "A Beautiful Life; Or, How a Local Girl Ended Up With a Recording Contract in the UK and Who Has Ambitions in the U.S.", Campus, No. 8, p. 2, Beirut, February 1997.
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^ Denselow, Robin (8 May 2014). "9Bach: Tincian review – quietly intriguing Welsh outfit" – via The Guardian.
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^ "Addys Mercedes - Addys Mercedes". www.addysmercedes.com.
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For coffee it is recommended to store it in the freezer.
for tea the freezer or the fridge is an absolute no.
Considering that both are derived from plants, why is freezer recommended for coffee but not for tea?
"Both are derived from plants" is leading you astray. Tea is made from leaves, so does not freeze particularly well, like many other aromatic leaves (coriander, basil, other leafy herbs) that aren't recommended for freezing.
Coffee, on the other hand, is made from beans, which are much less subject to damage from freezing. There's really not any reason why there should be any similarity between the two.
Finally, neither are recommended to keep in the fridge (mostly because of humidity) and coffee isn't particularly recommended to keep in the freezer; it would be more accurate to say that it can be done with less detriment than tea.
To keep coffee fresh, store it in an opaque, airtight container at room temperature. Storing coffee in the refrigerator or freezer for daily use can damage the coffee as warm, moist air condenses to the beans whenever the container is opened.
Here are some more reasons why it is not recommended to keep it in the freezer.
Coffee is porous. It is exactly this feature that allows us to use oils and syrups to flavour coffee beans for those who enjoy gourmet flavoured coffees. For this same reason, coffee can also absorb flavours and moisture from your freezer. The absorbed moisture will deteriorate the natural goodness of your coffee and your expensive gourmet coffee beans will taste like your freezer.
The coffee roasting process causes the beans to release their oils and essences in order to give the coffee its distinct flavour. This is the reason why your beans are shiny. These oils are more prominent on dark-roasted coffee and espresso beans and the reason why these coffees are so distinct in flavour. The process of freezing will break down these oils and destroy the natural coffee flavour. So unless you don't mind frozen-fish-flavoured coffee, you should avoid using the freezer to store your gourmet coffee beans at all costs.
It's not recommended, but it can be done to less detriment than tea would suffer. The reason it is worse with tea is covered in my first two paragraphs.
Both tea and whole bean coffee can be safely stored in the cabinet much like spices. However, once the coffee is ground, it starts to lose moisture, and therefore taste.
The Food network advises: "Store whole roasted beans in an airtight container in a cool, dry place for up to two weeks. For longer storage, freeze whole beans, freezer-wrapped, up to three months. Since room-temperature ground coffee begins to go stale within a couple of days after it's ground, it should be refrigerated in an airtight container and can be stored up to two weeks."
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The snapshot feature as in designer and photo is missing. Will this function still come?
I tried to use the snapshot feature to perform two different croppings on a picture. It works well before I save and reload the picture as afphoto-file. After reloading and switching to a snapshot the picture gets very dark (see attachments). This dramatic colour change makes the feature unuseable. It seems that some action is performed on the picture when selecting a snapshot because when closing the picture just after selecting a snapshot it Affinity Photo asks whether the changes shall be saved.
Steps to reproduce, on Windows 10 16299.248 and Affinity Photo 1.6.4.104: Create a new Affinity Photo document, which will be the main document Create a second Affinity Photo document, add something (a piece of text, a brush stroke, etc) and save it somewhere Drag the just created second document file into the main document, thus embedding it Double click the just embedded second document, add a Snapshot, close the document window Save the main document and close it Reopen the main document Double click the embedded second document Try to restore the Snapshot in the said second document Affinity Photo will crash The saving and reopen main document seems to be crucial, the Snapshot restoring works fine if you don't save the main document.
Hello guys! An interesting and welcome addition to Affinity Photo would be something like a ‘split view for comparison’. A way to compare and edit versions (or Snapshots) of an image without having to duplicate it and use Separated Mode or toggle between tabs. An example would be when I apply the ‘Curves’ and ‘Soft Proof’ adjustment layer to an image to prepare it for print. I would like to have one window where I can see the original and another window right next to it, preferably optionally mirrored, with the adjustment layers active to edit and compare it to the original image (or Snapshot or state when I entered this split view mode). I think the basic elements for this feature are already available in Photo (i.e. Snapshot) and it comes down to the ability to arrange (and mirror or split) your windows/views. The ability to arrange windows (tabs) next to each other without having to enter Separated Mode would be a valuable addition and to a large extent fulfill this feature request. What do you think?
I restored my document to a previous Snapshot. I then went to the Export Persona and exported the document as a JPEG. The resulting JPEG did not look like the Snapshot I restored but instead looked like the version of the document before I restored to a previous Snapshot. I repeated this multiple times with the same results.